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Supreme Court of Samoa |
SUPREME COURT OF SAMOA
Faisauvale v The Attorney General [2018] WSSC 61
Case name: | Faisauvale v The Attorney General |
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Citation: | |
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Decision date: | 01 May 2018 |
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Parties: | TAGALOASA FILIPAINA FAISAUVALE and OVALENI POLI PALAU VAILI. (Applicants) AND THE ATTORNEY GENERAL for the Police and the Prisons and Corrections services of Samoa. (Defendant) |
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Hearing date(s): | |
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File number(s): | File No: Misc 103/18 |
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Jurisdiction: | Civil |
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Place of delivery: | Supreme Court of Samoa, Mulinuu |
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Judge(s): | Justice Nelson |
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On appeal from: | |
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Order: | - The respondent has failed to show the applicants Motion is so untenable that it cannot possibly succeed, the application to strike it out is dismissed. Cost of this proceeding reserved to be dealt with as costs in the cause. |
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Representation: | P Mulitalo for applicants S Ainuu for respondent |
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Catchwords: | Transferred from Tafaigata to the holding cells of the Apia Police Station – transfer not material – Motion seeking return
to Tafaigata Prison – Apia Police Station is not a prison – cause of action – frivolous – vexatious and abuse
of process – peace order and good governance - common-law doctrine – maxim |
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Words and phrases: | omnia praesumuntur rite et solemniter esse acta - |
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Legislation cited: | Samoa Act 1921 |
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Cases cited: | Enosa v Samoa Observer Co Ltd [2005] WSSC 54 |
| Harris v Knight [1890] UKLawRpPro 15; (1890) 15 PD 170, 175 |
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Summary of decision: | |
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF SAMOA
HELD AT MULINUU
IN THE MATTER:
Prisons and Corrections Act 2013; Police Services Act 2009 and the Ombudsman (Komesina o Sulufaiga) Act 2013.
BETWEEN:
TAGALOASA FILIPAINA FAISAUVALE and OVALENI POLI PALAU VAILI.
Applicants
AND:
THE ATTORNEY GENERAL for the Police and the Prisons and Corrections services of Samoa.
Respondent
Counsel:
P Mulitalo for applicants
S Ainuu for respondent
Decision: 01 May 2018
DECISION OF NELSON J
Background
Analysis
“An Act to make Provision for the Government of Western Samoa.
WHEREAS pursuant to the Treaty of Peace with Germany, signed at Versailles on the twenty-eighth day of June, nineteen hundred and nineteen, a mandate in the terms in the First Schedule to this Act has been conferred by the League of Nations upon His Majesty (a reference to King George V of England-sic) to be exercised on his behalf by the Government of the Dominion of New Zealand, to administer the former German colony of Samoa: And whereas by the said mandate it is provided that the Government of the Dominion of New Zealand shall have full power of administration and legislation over the said Territory, subject to the terms of the mandate, as an integral portion of the Dominion of New Zealand: And whereas, acting under the authority of the Treaties of Peace Act, 1919, and of an Order in Council intituled the Western Samoa Order in Council, 1920, made by His Majesty with the advice of His Privy Council on the eleventh day of March, nineteen hundred and twenty, His Excellency the Governor-General of the Dominion of New Zealand has, on divers dates, by Orders in Council, made temporary provision for the peace, order, and good government of the said Territory: And whereas it is expedient that permanent provision should now be made for the peace, order, and good government of the aforesaid Territory:
Be it therefore enacted by the General Assembly of New Zealand in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-” (thereafter the provisions of the Samoa Act).
By virtue of clause 4 of the Act:
“The Executive Government of Samoa.
4. The executive government of Samoa is hereby declared to be vested in His Majesty the King in the same manner as if the Territory was part of His Majesty’s dominions.”
“The Administrator.
5. There shall be an Administrator of Western Samoa, who shall be appointed by the Governor-General, and shall be stationed at Apia, and shall, subject to the control of the Minister of External Affairs, be charged with the administration of the executive government of the Territory, save so far as other provision is made in that behalf by this Act.
6. (1) The Chief Judge of the High Court shall ex officio be the Deputy Administrator of Western Samoa.
(2) While the office of Administrator is vacant the Deputy shall, without further authority or appointment, assume and exercise all the powers of the Administrator, and all the provisions of this Act or of any other enactment with respect to the Administrator shall extend and apply to the Deputy accordingly.
(3) The authority of the Deputy so to act as aforesaid shall continue until a new Administrator has been appointed and has assumed the duties of his office in Samoa.
7. (1) If at any time the Administrator is incapable by reason of sickness or otherwise of performing the duties of his office, or is or proposes to be absent from the Territory, or is or proposes to be absent from Apia, he may, by warrant under the Seal of Samoa, authorize the Deputy Administrator to act as Acting-Administrator during the period of such incapacity or absence.
(2) Any such warrant may limit in such manner as the Administrator thinks fit, the authority of the Deputy with respect to the matters to which such authority extends.
(3) Subject to any limitations so expressed in the warrant, the Deputy so authorized may exercise all the powers of the Administrator both in respect of his office as such and in respect of any other offices held by him concurrently with his office as Administrator.
(4) Any such authority may be at any time revoked by the Administrator.
(5) No such warrant of authority, and no act done in pursuance thereof by the Deputy, shall be questioned or invalidated on the ground that the occasion for such warrant or for the exercise of the powers of the Deputy had not arisen or had ceased, and no act done by the Administrator shall be questioned or invalidated on the ground that any such warrant of authority was still in force.
8. (1) If at any time a certificate in writing that the Administrator is incapacitated by illness from executing any such warrant of authority is made and delivered to the Deputy Administrator by an authorized officer, the Deputy Administrator may, without further authority or appointment, assume and exercise all the powers of the Administrator (both in respect of his office as such and in respect of any other office held by him concurrently with his office as Administrator) until a certificate in writing to the effect that such incapacity has ceased is made by an authorized officer and delivered to the Deputy Administrator.”
“Prison and Police.
39. The Administrator shall by warrant under his hand and the Seal of Samoa appoint as prisons such buildings or places in the Territory as he thinks suitable for that purpose.
40. Any person in lawful custody in Samoa may be detained in any such prison, and may from time to time be removed by order of the Administrator or of a Judge of the High Court from one prison to another.”
Respondents arguments
“Appointment of Prisons.
I, George William Clinkard, Acting Administrator of the Territory of Western Samoa, in pursuance of Clause 39 of the Samoa Act, 1921, do hereby appoint as prisons the following buildings and places:-
The building situated in Apia and known as the Apia Police Station, together with the building and land used in connection therewith.
Given under my hand and the Seal of Western Samoa at Apia this twentieth day of June, 1929.
G.W. CLINKARD,
Acting Administrator. ”
The respondent says this Order remains valid and continues down to the present day by virtue of the savings provisions of succeeding legislations.
“GW Clinkard
Secretary to the Administration.”
Conclusions
“The maxim, ‘Omnia praesumuntur rite esse acta’, is an expression, in a short form, of a reasonable probability, and of the propriety in point of law of acting on such probability. The maxim expresses an inference which may reasonably be drawn when an intention to do some formal act is established; when the evidence is consistent with that intention having been carried into effect in a proper way; but when the actual observance of all due formalities can only be inferred as a matter of probability. The maxim is not wanted where such observance is proved, nor has it any place where such observance is disproved” (emphasis mine).
The evidence here is clear. The Administrator had no power to appoint Mr Clinkard Acting Administrator.
Decision
JUSTICE NELSON
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