Home
| Databases
| WorldLII
| Search
| Feedback
National Court of Papua New Guinea |
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
[IN THE NATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE]
WS NO.58 OF 2018
BETWEEN:
THOMAS TINGNII
Plaintiff
AND:
BONY GELU
Defendant
Waigani: David, J
2021: 3 & 6 December
DAMAGES – assessment of general damages following entry of summary judgment and award of “specific” damages – objective of an award of damages is to put innocent party in same position as far as possible as he would have been in if the wrongdoer had not committed the wrongful act.
Cases Cited:
Papua New Guinea Cases
William Mel v Coleman Pakalia (2005) SC790
Steven Naki v AGC (Pacific) Ltd (2006) N5015
Samuel Roth v Samuel Waironak (2011) N4452
Golden Valley Transport v Dekenai Construction (2019) N8377
Overseas Cases
Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co, (1880) App Cas 25
Counsel:
Thomas Tingnii, Self-Represented Plaintiff
Bony Gelu, Self-Represented Defendant
JUDGMENT
6th December, 2021
“1. The parties agreed that the defendant is to pay the plaintiff K36,500.00 all up including damages and interest within four months as final settlement of this matter by or before 31 July 2021.
EVIDENCE
5. The plaintiff relies on and reads the affidavits sworn by himself on 21 November 2018 and filed on 21 November 2018 (Exhibit A) and the other sworn on 16 August 2021 and filed on 18 August 2021 (Exhibit B).
6. The defendant did not rely on any affidavit although he sought leave to tender and rely on an affidavit sworn by himself on 1 December 2021 and filed on 1 December 2021. The plaintiff objected to the tender of the affidavit on the basis that it was not served on him, but if the defendant had, it would have been short served. Following a discussion between the bench and the defendant, the defendant decided not to rely on the affidavit and effectively meant that he did not produce any rebuttal evidence.
LEGAL ISSUE
7. The main legal issue for my consideration and decision is what amount of general damages, if any, should I award the plaintiff?
GENERAL DAMAGES
Submissions
8. The plaintiff relies on his extract of submissions filed on 1 December 2021 which I have considered. The plaintiff essentially
submits that he has produced sufficient evidence and cites two comparable awards made by the National Court in the cases of Samuel Roth v Samuel Waironak (2011) N4452 and Golden Valley Transport v Dekenai Construction (2019) N8377 to support his claim that he is entitled to general damages between the amounts of K35,000.00 and K50,000.00 for mental distress and
frustration endured as a result of the damage caused to the vehicle and interest at 8% per annum commencing from the time of filing
of the writ of summons to the date of judgment. The plaintiff also submitted that the sum of K64,521.60 already ordered by the Court
covered the cost of repair of the vehicle, labour, transport and other associated costs pleaded in the statement of claim.
9. In his submissions, the defendant contended that the amount proposed by the plaintiff for general damages was exorbitant and unjustified,
but suggested that an award of K25,000.00 would be reasonable.
10. In his reply to the defendant’s submission, the plaintiff said he would accept the amount of K25,000.00 suggested by the defendant.
Consideration
11. The objective of an award of damages is to give the claimant compensation for damage, loss or injury he has suffered. In this regard, I note the speech of Lord Blackburn in Livingstone v Rawyards Coal Co, (1880) App Cas 25 at 29 where His Lordship defined the measure of damages as:
“that sum of money which will put the party who has been injured, or who has suffered, in the same position as he would have been in if he had not sustained the wrong for which he is now getting his compensation or reparation.”
12. The Supreme Court in William Mel v Coleman Pakalia (2005) SC790 and the National Court decision of Cannings, J in Steven Naki v AGC (Pacific) Ltd (2006) N5015 summarise or identify a number of legal principles that are applicable in assessing damages and these are:
13. I have taken into account these principles.
GENERAL DAMAGES
14. As a general principle, a person who is injured by another person’s wrong will be entitled to general damages. They are not capable of precise quantification, but it will be at the discretion of the Court to determine what amounts it considers appropriate.
15. In Samuel Roth v Samuel Waironak (2011) N4452, the plaintiff hired out his motor vehicle to a company for one day. During the course of the hire period, an employee of the company drove the vehicle negligently and it was damaged beyond repair. Liability was established by default judgment. The plaintiff claimed general damages for loss of vehicle, business losses and damages for mental distress. For general damages, the Court awarded K50,000.00.
16. In Golden Valley Transport v Dekenai Construction (2019) N8377, the plaintiff’s motor vehicle, a Nissan Urvan bus, driven by an employee was involved in a collision in Lae with the second defendant’s motor vehicle, a Nissan Patrol utility, driven by the first defendant who was the second defendant’s employee. The damage caused to the bus was beyond repair and uneconomical. The first defendant was convicted by the National Court for dangerous driving causing bodily injuries and sentenced to two years imprisonment wholly suspended and placed on good behaviour bond. For general damages, a sum of K35,000.00 was awarded.
17. I have considered; the evidence before the Court which is not contested; the parties’ submissions; an amount of K64,521.60 has already been ordered by the Court in favour of the plaintiff for “specific” damages; the plaintiff has indicated his acceptance of the defendant’s suggestion that K25,000.00 was a reasonable amount to be awarded as general damages; and the two comparable awards made in Samuel Roth v Samuel Waironak (2011) N4452 and Golden Valley Transport v Dekenai Construction (2019) N8377. In all the facts and circumstances of the present case, I would consider a reasonable amount to award as general damages is K25,000.00.
INTEREST
18. I will award interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum pursuant to the Judicial Proceedings (Interests on Debts and Damages) Act 2015 from the date of filing of the writ of summons to the date of judgment and the same rate shall apply post-judgment until payment of the award in full.
COSTS
19. The awarding of costs is a discretionary matter. Except for costs orders that may have been made already, in the exercise of my discretion, the defendant shall pay the plaintiff’s costs of and incidental to these proceedings on an indemnity basis, which shall be taxed, if not agreed.
ORDER
20. The Court’s orders are:
Judgment and orders accordingly.
________________________________________________________________
Thomas Tingnii: Self-Represented Plaintiff
Bony Gelu: Self-Represented Defendant
PacLII:
Copyright Policy
|
Disclaimers
|
Privacy Policy
|
Feedback
URL: http://www.paclii.org/pg/cases/PGNC/2021/491.html