In re Estate of Fritz Hartman [1989] FMSC 15; 4 FSM Intrm. 386 (Chk. 1989) (23 August 1989)

[1989] FMSC 15; 4 FSM Intrm. 386 (Chk. 1989)

FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA
SUPREME COURT TRIAL DIVISION

FSM CIVIL ACTION 1989-1023

IN THE MATTER OF:
THE ESTATE OF FRITZ HARTMAN

MEMORANDUM OF DECISION

BEFORE: The Honourable Richard H. Benson, Associate Justice, FSM Supreme Court

APPEARANCES: For the Petitioner (Cecilia Hartman): R. Barrie Michelsen, Attorney at Law; For the Petitioner (Samuel Hartman): Maketo Robert, Attorney at Law

DECISION: August 23, 1989

HEADNOTE

Jurisdiction - Diversity
Jurisdiction - Removal
Jurisdiction based upon diversity of citizenship between the parties is concurrent in the Supreme court and the national courts, and therefore a party to state court litigation where diversity exists has a constitutional right to invoke the jurisdiction of the national court. In re Estate of Hartman[1989] FMSC 15; , 4 FSM Intrm. 386, 387 (Chk. 1989).

COURT'S OPINION

RICHARD H. BENSON, Associate Justice:

This matter came before the court on the motion of Cecilia Hartman for the removal of probate proceedings from the Truk State Court to this court on the ground of the diversity of citizenship of the two petitioners seeking appointment as personal representatives of the deceased to administer his estate. The motion is opposed by Samuel A. Hartman, the second petitioner for appointment. The parties concede that the citizenship of the parties is diverse. The motion to remove the case from the Truk State Court was granted on August 18, 1989. This memorandum sets forth the reasoning of the court.

The FSM Constitution provides (in the part relative to the parties of this motion) that, "The national courts, including the trial division of the Supreme Court, have concurrent original jurisdiction in ... disputes between ... a state or a citizen thereof, and a foreign ... citizen ..." FSM Const. art. XI, § 6(b). The appellate division of this court has held that diversity jurisdiction is concurrent as between national courts. Hawk v. Pohnpei, [1989] FMSC 24; 4 FSM Intrm. 85, 89 (App. 1989). The appellate division stated, "No jurisdiction is conferred on state courts by article XI, section 6(b) but neither does diversity jurisdiction of section 6(b) preclude state courts from acting under state law, unless or until a party to the litigation invokes national court jurisdiction." Id.

Samuel A. Hartman did not discuss the binding nature of the Hawk decision on this court. The Hawk decision approved the reasoning of the trial division case of Bank of Guam v. Semes, [1988] FMSC 7; 3 FSM Intrm. 370 (Pon. 1988). The court there concluded that concurrent jurisdiction in diversity cases did not include state courts. The conclusion was based on an examination. The proposal before the Convention was that "The national courts, trial division of the Supreme Court, and state and local courts have concurrent original jurisdiction in " diversity cases. This was amended on the floor of the Convention to eliminate "state and local courts." The history of article XI, section 6(b) shows that diversity jurisdiction is concurrent in the Supreme Court and the national courts, not with national and state courts. Bank of Guam v. Semes, 3 FSM Intrm. at 374-76. The court concluded at page 379 that "Parties to such a dispute [diversity case] have a constitutional right to invoke the jurisdiction of a national court and may not be forced to litigate a section 6(b) case in a non-national court."

It is the obligation of this court and all others to uphold this constitutional right. U Corp. v. Salik, [1988] FMSC 20; 3 FSM Intrm. 389, 392 (Pon. 1988).

Because of the binding precedent of Hawk the court has no choice but to grant the motion.