IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF SAMOA
Police v Betham [2026] WSDC 1 (19 February 2026)

Case name: 	Police v Betham	
		
Citation: 	[2026] WSDC 1	
		
Decision date: 	19 February 2026	
		
Parties: 	POLICE (Informant) v PAEPAETELE ERNEST JUNIOR BETHAM AKA FAASAVALU ERNEST JUNIOR BETHAM.  (Defendant)	
		
Hearing date(s): 		
		
File number(s): 	2024-04574
2023-02389	
		
Jurisdiction: 	DISTRICT	
		
Place of delivery: 	District Court of Samoa, Mulinuu	
		
Judge(s): 	Judge Loau Donald Kerslake	
		
On appeal from:		
		
Order:	Accordingly, for charge D780/21 making a false statement causing harm to a person’s reputation pursuant to s117A of the Crimes Act 2013, you are hereby convicted and fined $1,500.00 to be paid within 7 days or before 3.00pm next Friday, 26 February 2026.  In default, 8 week’s imprisonment.	
		
Representation: 	Corporal K. Komiti for Prosecution
Mr. Q. Sauaga for the defendant	
		
Catchwords: 		
		
Words and phrases:	Conviction – Fine – Making false statement causing harm to a person’s reputation	
		
Legislation cited:	Crimes Act 2013
Sentencing Act 2016
Community Justice Act 2008	
		
Cases cited:	Goldsmith v Sperrings [1977] 1WLR or [1977] 2 All ER 566 
Malifa v Sapolu [1999] WSSC 47 (30 March 1999)
Malifa v Sapolu and Alesana [1998] WSCA 5
Police v Paulo [2019] WSDC 3
R v Lucas [1998] 1 SCR 439 
R v Steven [1993] CanLii 14706

Summary of decision:		

IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF SAMOA
HELD AT MULINUU

BETWEEN:

P O L I C E

Informant

A N D:

PAEPAETELE ERNEST JUNIOR BETHAM AKA FAASAVALU ERNEST JUNIOR BETHAM male of Matautu - Uta and Falese’ela, Lefaga.

Defendant

Counsel:	Corporal K. Komiti for the Prosecution
		Mr. Q. Sauaga for the Defendant.

Sentence:	19 February 2026

SENTENCE
The Charges
1. 	On 23 December 2025 you were found guilty for information D780/21 which is for the charge of making a false statement causing harm to a person’s reputation pursuant to section 117A of the Crimes Act 2013.
2. 	The wording of that charge is:
	D780/21:  That the above named defendant at Tamaligi did on 29th day of March 2021 with intent to cause harm to Nafoitoa Talaimanu Keti’s reputation, publish on EFKS TV2 live programme named, “LAUAO SINASINA”, which was aired on Monday Night, the 29th day of March 2021, a statement about Nafoitoa Talaimanu Keti that is false namely, “Sa iai le mea tuga na tula’i mai ai, sa taumafai e fa’amalosi se teine leoleo.  Ia o la e nofo mai luga I o ma le tele o le mea sese ma le fa’aletonu”, thereby committed the crime of False Statement Causing Harm to a person’s reputation
The Offending 
3. 	The offending occurred during an interview on the EFKS TV2 live programme “Lauao Sinasina” on 29 March 2021. You were being interviewed on a range of issues concerning the Ministry of Police, where you were previously employed. When asked about the former Speaker of the House and complainant in this matter, Nafoitoa Talaimanu Keti, also a former police officer, you accused him of attempting to rape a female police officer. Such an allegation, broadcast live to the public, was gravely damaging to the complainant’s reputation and carried the potential to cause lasting harm both personally and professionally.
The Background of the Accused
4. 	You are a 61year old male from Faleseela Lefaga and Matautu- Uta, Apia. You are married and the father of eight children, you have dedicated much of your life to serving your community. The probation report notes your prior career as a police officer, and your counsel highlights that you served in this role for more than a decade demonstrating commitment, discipline, and public service. Today, you continue to provide for your family by working as a taxi driver, while also receiving financial support from a son living overseas.
The Victim
5. 	The victim of your offending was, at the time, the Deputy Speaker of Parliament, a position of considerable authority and public trust. He too had previously served as a police officer before entering politics, underscoring his own record of service. He has stated that the interview conducted by you caused significant harm to his reputation, a damage he believes directly contributed to his downfall in the 2021 General Elections. The consequences of your actions therefore extended beyond personal grievance, reaching into the sphere of public life and undermining his career.
Sentencing Principles
6. 	In determining sentence, I have considered the principles set out in the Sentencing Act 2016 together with the Community Justice Act 2008. Of particular relevance are sections 7(1)(d) and (e) of the Sentencing Act 2016, which requires the Court to assess both the harm caused by the offence and the particular cruelty involved in its commission. Additionally, section 7(2)(c) directs attention to the scope of your involvement in the offending.
7. 	I also refer to the decision in Police v Paulo [2019] WSDC 3, which remains the most recent reported authority concerning sentencing under section 117A of the Crimes Act 2013, otherwise known as criminal libel. In Paulo, Her Honour Papalii DCJ imposed a conviction and a term of seven weeks’ imprisonment, reflecting the seriousness of the offence, the culpability of the offender, and other aggravating factors. This precedent underscores the gravity with which the Court must approach offences of this nature.
8. 	In Paulo when discussing the offence of Criminal Libel, Her Honour Papalii J referred to authorities such as R v Lucas [1998] 1 SCR 439 and Malifa v Sapolu [1999] WSSC 47 (30 March 1999).
9. 	In Lucas, the learned Justice Cory said:
	“The protection of an individual’s reputation from willful and false attack recognizes the innate dignity of the individual and the integral link between reputation and the fruitful participation of the individual in ...society. Preventing damage to reputation as a result of criminal libel is a legitimate goal of criminal law.” 
10. 	In Malifa, Moran J expressed:
	“The value of a person’s reputation is very high indeed, especially in Samoa where authority and respect for authority is deeply ingrained in Samoan culture. To so defame a man as to seriously lower him in the estimation of his fellows is to deal a severe blow to his pride and dignity, to undermine his authority and standing, to offend his family and even insult his village.”
11. 	In the Court of Appeal decision of Malifa v Sapolu and Alesana [1998] WSCA 5 at 7:
	“Politicians are expected to have broad shoulders. In the interest of freedom of speech and democracy, they must put up with criticisms even of a strong and unfair kind. But there is a line between; severe criticism on the one hand and vilification or character assassination on the other”.
12. 	I agree that the following statements are relevant when considering appropriate punishment for the offence pursuant to s117A of the Crimes Act 2013.  I now turn to the Aggravating and Mitigating factors.
Aggravating Features of the Offending
13. 	The aggravating features of the offending include:
(i) 	The overall harm of the offending.  I accept that the words spoken did harm the reputation of the complainant (i.e. character assassination) and possibly affected his chances of re-election in the 2021 general elections.
(ii) 	The cruelty in the words spoken by the accused.  The accusation made was grave in nature. To be publicly labelled an alleged rapist carries severe criminal implications and inflicts profound personal and professional harm.
(iii) 	Premeditation.  The offending was not spontaneous. It occurred during a televised interview, an event that would have been arranged in advance. The topics of discussion were likely considered prior to filming, and you would have had the opportunity to decide what you were prepared to say. This demonstrates a deliberate and calculated choice to make the damaging statement.
14. 	There are no mitigating features in respect of your offending. 
Aggravating Features in respect of the Offender
15. 	The only aggravating factor for you as an offender is your previous convictions although these are for traffic infringements over 30 years ago and will bear no weight on your sentencing today.  In essence you will be treated as a first offender.     
Mitigating Factors in respect of the Offender
16. 	The following mitigating factors apply to you personally:
(i) 	Your previous good character and service in the Ministry of Police.  I take into account the character references provided by Reverend Elisaia Fiu Kolia and the Pulenuu Matagofiealoosina Kome Feagaimalii as well as the statements made by your wife Patosina to the probation services which speaks towards your service and commitment to your family, church and village.  
(ii) 	The involvement of the interviewer and the programme Lauao Sinasina reduces your culpability. The offending arose in the context of an invitation to appear on the show, with agreed topics for discussion. Without this programme and its structure, your offending may not have occurred.
(iii) 	Although you did not personally apologise to the complainant, you have expressed remorse through counsel by offering an apology to the Court. This demonstrates acknowledgment of wrongdoing and respect for the judicial process.
(iv) 	An additional mitigating factor is the delay in delivering a verdict in this matter. Such delay has prolonged uncertainty for you and must be taken into account in sentencing.
Discussion
17. 	The court must first acknowledge the seriousness of this offense. The making of false statements which harm the reputation of others strikes at the heart of personal dignity and social trust. Reputation is a fragile yet vital asset.  It is the cornerstone of a person’s integrity and when it is maliciously attacked, the damage can be profound and enduring. Criminal libel is not a trivial matter, it represents a deliberate misuse of speech to cause injury, and the law must respond firmly to protect both individuals and the wider community.
18. 	However, in determining sentence, the court must also weigh the mitigating factors. You are a person of good character, with a record of service to the police and the community. It is also clear that the circumstances were influenced by the involvement of others, notably the television company and interviewer, who prompted the questions to which you replied. These factors do not excuse the conduct, but they do reduce the level of your culpability and must be reflected in the sentence.
19. 	While imprisonment is available for this offense (i.e. Paulo), the court considers that such a penalty would be disproportionate in your matter. The facts in your matter can be distinguished from Paulo.  In Paulo, the accusations were more serious and numerous and were made on his own facebook page where he had total control over his words and its dissemination. The accusation you made was serious but less serious if compared to the statements in Paulo.  Moreover, although you did consent to the interview, EFKS TV2 had total control over the dissemination of your statement.
20. 	Further, your good character, prior service, and the role of others in shaping the events weigh heavily in mitigation. Accordingly, the court finds that a financial penalty upon conviction is the more appropriate response. A fine upon conviction will mark the seriousness of the offense, provide deterrence, and uphold the principle that malicious falsehoods will not be tolerated, while recognizing the mitigating circumstances that distinguish this case from the more egregious examples of criminal libel.
21. 	The prosecution also seek restitution for the complainant.  I refer to the comments by the Supreme Court in the Canadian case of R v Steven [1993] CanLii 14706 cited in Paulo:   
	“The criminal law is primarily concerned about public wrong, that is wrongful acts seriously threatening and infringing fundamental social values. Such acts involve public interest and require intervention of the criminal law to punish the offender to protect society. Civil law on the other hand deals with private wrongs that is dispute between individuals which are a matter of compensation and do not involve public interest.”
22. 	Lord Denning in the infamous civil defamatory case of Goldsmith v Sperrings [1977] 1WLR or [1977] 2 All ER 566 at 55 said:
	“A criminal libel is so serious that the offender should be punished for it by the state itself. He should either be sent to prison or made to pay a fine to the state itself…”
23. 	Although the Court has authority to also award restitution, I am of the view that this should be left for the complainant to pursue in the civil courts.  Although I did find in my decision that injury or harm had been suffered by the complainant because of your actions, the evidence and my ruling did not canvass the issue of the extent of that harm and its quantification in compensation form. 
Result
24. 	Accordingly, for charge D780/21 making a false statement causing harm to a person’s reputation pursuant to s117A of the Crimes Act 2013, you are hereby convicted and fined $1,500.00 to be paid within 7 days or before 3.00pm next Friday, 26 February 2026.  In default, 8 week’s imprisonment.
JUSTICE KERSLAKE