Kalmet v Kalpong [2006] VUIC 11; [2006] VUICB 6; Land Case 08 of 1993 (24 March 2006)

IN THE EFATE ISLAND COURT OF
THE REPUBLIC OF VANUATU
Held at Port Vila
(Civil Jurisdiction)

Land Case No.08 OF 1993

BETWEEN:

FAMILY KALMET
-Original Claimant

And:

FAMILY KALPONG
-Counter-Claimant No. 1

AND:

JIF KORIMAN
-Counter-Claimant No.2

AND:

FAMILY KALMERMER
-Counter Claimant No.4

AND:

FAMILY KALWATONG
-Counter Claimant No. 5

AND:

JIF KALTAPAU & DESCENDANT
-Counter-Claimant No:6

AND

FAMILY ALICK KALONIKARA
-Counter- Claimant No.7

AND:

FAMILY NASE KALMET TALEO
-Counter-Claimant No.8

AND:

FAMILY FATAN KALMARI
-Counter-Claimant No. 9

JUDGMENT

Hearing Date: 9th January 2006.
Judgment Date: 24th March 2006

Corum: Nesbeth Wilson
Magistrate

Justices: Mrs Lucy Sandy
Chief Raymond Marongoe
Chief Jimmy Meameadola

Clerk: Semi Joel

NEM BLONG LAND CLAIM: TEOUMA RENTAPAU LAND

Before kot istat blong harem kes ia, ibin kat sam issues we kot wetem olgeta patis oli dil wetem. Fas taem Magistrate iexplain posesin blong hem long olgeta patis. Hemia we hem tu ikat interest long land long saet long Land Lease. Kot hemi explain long olgeta patis se ikat two different interest long ples ia. Ikat interest long land lease we idifferent long interest long saet blong customary land ownership. Afta long explenasen ia kot iaskem ol patis sipos oli gat any objection long Magistrate or any long olgeta Justisis we oli sitaon long kes ia.

Aplication:

Counter Claimant No. 8, Karongon Kalmet wetem Counter Claimant . No.9, George Sualo tugeta iobject se Magistrate Nesbeth Wilson ino shud harem case ia forom se hemi gat interest long wan lease land inside long land we hemi stap befo long kot ia. George Sualo italem se Magistrate ishud save who ia hemi landowner long ples ia. All narafala parties oli no gat any objection long Magistrate isitaon long case ia.

Mr Thomas Tau long behav long Counter Claiman No. 4 iobject long twofala justices, hemia Justice Lucy Sandy mo Justice Raymond Marongoe se tufala ishud not sitaon long case ia forom se tufala ibin dil wetel some interlocutory applications long matta ia. Mo last wan, George Sualo hemi bin object long Justice Meameadola mo Justice Marongoe se tufala ino shud sidaon long kes ia forom se tufala ibin memba blong Vaturisu Counsel blong ol Jifs mo tufala ibin wok wetem spokesman blong Original Claimant, Jif Bakoa Kalpoilep.

Long respond long ol applications ia Jif Bakoa Kalpoilep V hemi taem se hemi no agree wetem olgeta applications ia. Hemi no object long any long olgeta we oli sitaon forom se kes ia hemi bin stap over 13 years since hemi bin putum claim blong hem long kot mo sipos hemi object now bae kes hemi delay bakeken. Hemi se hem nao hemi shud object long Magistrate Nesbeth Wilson from ol diferen risons be forom hemi save se ino kat enough manpower long Magistrate Kot so hemi no object. Ol nara patis oli indicate se oli no gat objection long any wan we oli sitaon.

After long ol application ia kot iadjourn smol taem blong mekem dicision blong hem. Dicision igo olsem, mo mi quotem "...Having considered the applications by the two counter Claimants we have come to the conclusion that there is no way someone could know the custom owners where there is a transfer of lease form an alienator or other persons than the custom owner selling the land. As the Court has already explained, there are two different interests and we must not mix them together. Interest in land lease has nothing to do with the interest in custom land ownership.

Interlocutory applications or urgent applications court has already explain in to the parties, it is ok for the same people to hear the interlocutory application, as it is nothing to do with deciding who the custom land ownership is.

Being a member of Vaturisu Council of Chief, too the court has already explained to the parties. Unless the members have already deal with the same land dispute then they must not involve in this case. But if it is just because they are members and have worked with one of the parties in this case, we have decided that, that has nothing to do with deciding the custom land ownership.

Decision

Having said this, the Court is not satisfied with the reasons of the objections made by the above said parties.

We therefore have decided that we will continue to hear the Land Case No. 8 of 1993."

Kot idismisim application mo icontinue blong harem case.

Next application hemi blong Counter-Claimant namba 3 we hemi mekem application blong withdraw olsem wan pati hemwan mo apply blong joint wetem Original Claiman.

Spokes man hemi presentem wan letter we hemi read olsem mi quotem "...Mi nem blong me Kalere Shem, head of family Palupau. Family Palupau oli decide tru long wan meeting blong mifala blong mifala withdrawem land claim blong mifala. Risons we mifala decide blong withdrawem claim blong mifala hemi from: -

1. "Mifala iluk save se area we istat long Eratap kasem Rentapau River istap unda the authority of Jif Kalpoilep I.

2. Land baontri we istart long Teouma River kasem Rentapau River hemi blong Paramount Chief Kalpoilep I.

3. Every Counter-Claimants long Land Claim No.8 of 1993 oli ol tribes we oli stap lif anda long full authority blong Paramount Chief Kalpoilep I

4. Olgeta land boundaries we each Counter-Claimants oli stap claimen hemi olgeta land we Paramount Chief Kalpoilep I hemi dividem long each tribe.

5. Mifala sapotem map, mo claim blong family kalmet.

6. Mifala appointem Kalotuk Tom blong hemi witness long claim blong family Kalmet long behalf blong family Palupau."

Kot iaceptem application blong olgeta, mo grantem application blong Counter-Claimant No.3 blong join wetem Original Claiman.

Long namba 9 kasem 13 January kot ibin holem conference wetem olgeta patis mo sem taem sortem aot olgeta witnesses blong each pati mo tu stretem olgeta documents bifo kot istart blong harem actual case.

During long conference ia Counter Claimant No. 6 hemi mekem wan application blong wan extra spokes man, blong changem name blong parti from John Kaltapao and Tutu Wanimut iko long Jif Kaltapau and Descendents mo last wan oli mekem application blong kot iadjourn 1 week blong helpem olgeta blong completem ol documents blong olgeta.

After kot iharem response blong Original Claimant mo spokes man blong counter claimant namba 9,kot idecide se:

1. Timteo Kalmet hemi save kam namba 2 spokesman blong counter claimant namba 9;

2. Name isave change iko long Jif Kaltapau And Descendants;

3. Kot irefusum namba three application.

Counter Claimant namba 4 hemi makem another application blong changem olgeta witnesses. Long application blong hem Thomas Tau hemi talem se since oli apointem hem blong kam spokes man olgeta witnesses we oli bin filem witness statements blong olgeta long kot hemi finem aot se oli no save given evidence long kot so hemi apply blong changem three long ol witnesses blong olgeta.

After kot hemi harem respose blong ol nara patis kot igrantem application blong olgeta long risons se oli bin comply wetem rules and oli bin filem olgeta witness statements long required taem be oli wantem replacem sam witneses nomo.

Wan long olgeta witness blong counter claimant namba 5 hemi olfala tumas we hemi kat 70 yias old, so kot iaceptem application blong olgeta blong oli replesem hem wetem wan long ol pikinini or apu blong hem. Spokes man hemi bin apply blong karem another two witneses be kot ino aceptem any new witnesses. Olgeta applications ia oli tek ples long 13 Januay 2006. Kot hemi then adjournem kes kasem namba 17 Januay 2006 long 8am blong stat blong harem kes ia.

During long conference ia kot ibin lukluk smol long olgeta documents blong ol patis mo italem aot long olgeta se sipos oli ting se oli same family mo oli gat same history wetem ol nara paties oli gat chance blong oli go together mo fight together olsem wan pati instead blong oli stap dividem olgeta, be wan pati nomo iwithdraw mo joinem original claimant.

Kastom blong usim blong harem land kes ia

Kot ibin lukluk long kastom we bae kot ifolem long kes ia. Kastom we olgeta patis oli kat mo oli agri blong folem hemi man or bladlaen (patrilaenal) be ino woman or naflak (Matrilaenal) blong claimem kastom ownaship blong land ia. Mo storian we bae ol parties oli talem long kot blong pruvum se who nao iraet kastom owna blong land ia bae i kam aot nomo long kastom blong yumi long Efate.

Komposision blong Kot

Long Amendment Act No.35 blong 1989, Parliament i bin pasem se anda long seksen 2 blong Aelan Kot Act, CAP 167, taem we Aelan Kot isitaon blong harem dispiut long land bae wan Magistret i mas sitaon wetem trifala Aelan Kot Jastisis. Anda long seksen 2(a) blong Act ia, wan Magistret olsem bae ino save sitaon sapos Jif Jastis ino kivim authoriti long hem. Folem hemia Kot i wandem talem, long ol patis se olgeta we oli deal wetem kes blong Teouma Rentabau land oli qualifae evri wan.

Brief history blong kes ia:

Samtaem long 1993 Family Kalmet oli filem land case mo pem fees blong olgeta long kot long saed blong land ia Teouma Rentapao we hemi situated long South Efate. Island Kot Clerk hemi publishim notice blong land ia long wan manis according long law blong Island Kot CAP 167 long Order 6 Rule 8 mo 9. Family Kalpong, Chief Koriman, Chief Palupau, (ipem fees long 17 January 1994), after long hemia Family Kalmermer, Kortap and Kalwatong, Chief Kaltapau and Decendents, Alick Kalonikara, Nase Kalmet Taleo (Kaz) mo Family Fatan Kalmari oli aware long land claim ia oli counter claimem land ia mo oli faelem kes blong olgeta mo pem fees.

Bifo kot iharem substance blong case kot ibin explain gud long ol patis se land case hemi important long laef blong wanwan man we iting se ikat raet blong onem land ia mekem se ol patis oli mas andastand se hemi impotent se olpatis oli mas helpem kot blong kot ihelpem olgeta. Long Namba 17 January 2006 kot isidaon blong harem substance blong land kes ia.

History blong land we Representative blong Family Kalmet ipresentem:

Jif Bakoa Andrew Kalpoilep V long behalf blong family Kalmet hemi talem long opening remarks blong hem se hemia hemi wan more history blong olman Eratap blong sitaon mo harem wan kes blong wan big fala patch blong land we ibin gat tunas question mo raorao long hem. Hemia hemi Land claims witin long land boundries olsem we istap long map blong land ia Teouma Rentapau land claims. Hemi talem se Eratap village hemi bin wan baontri nomo wetem Teouma Rentapau land. Based long chiefly title, start long Kalpoilep I igo kasem Jif Kalpoilep V. From se land long Efate hemi base long custom we bikfala Jif hemi custodial mo governem land blong ol pipol blong hem. Hemia se Jif hemi lukaotem olgeta tribes or nametrau mo liv wetem ol people blong hem. Jif Bakoa Kalpoilep V hemi presentem case long behalf blong family Kalmet blong Eratap. Hemi based long Kalmet History Book mo also refer long big book we oli kolem Teouma-Rentapau Land Claim. Bifore hemi finis long presentem case blong Original Claiman hemi explain long kot map blong hem wetem famili tree blong olgeta.

After hemi presentem case blong hem hemi kolem olgeta witnesses blong hem. Hemi kat 4 witnesses everiwan. Ikat Michael Taun, Samuel Andrew, Jack Kalmetlau mo Kalotuk Kai.

Olgeta witneses ia oli confirmem olgeta storian we Jif Bakoa Kalpoilep V ibin presentem long behalf blong family Kalmet.

Mr Taun fes witness itestify se hemi link wetem family Kalmet through long woman ia Litgasik we hemi daughter blong Jif Kalpoilep. I.

Long cross examination, Mr Taun hemi se nem ia Marik Tinol, hemi real nem blong Jif Kalpoilep I. Mr Taun hemi se Jif Kalpoilep V nao hemi bin karem exhibit ia we hemi includim stone axe (obsidian) mo bubu shell. Mr Taun hemi talem se hemi save Eworkaw thru long History book blong Kalrnet Family mo afta we hem ibin ko walkabaot long Eworkaw. Mr Taun hemi confirm se Eworkaw hemi sem hill ia oli stap kollem Mackenzie Hill.

Namba 2 witness italem se hemi folem bladlaen blong Kalpoilep. Hemi confirm se hemi secondborn son blong Jif Bakoa Kalpoilep V.

Long Cross-Examination Mr Samuel Andrew hemi confirm se land we Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II isalem hem iownem. Hemi confirm long kot se long taem blong sale hemi bin drong mo olgeta oli save nomo afta long evidence we istap long deed of sale se graon hemi salem hemi 10,000 hectares. Jif Kalmet isalem graon from se hemi get rait osem paramount Jif mo paramount Jif hemi ownem graon. Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep hemi no stopem ol nara man from sale be Jif Silas Kalpoilep ibin putum wan caveat blong karem bak ol graon ia. Witness hemi talem se Laklokai hemi jas nara nem blong Jif Andrew Kalpoilep IV. Hemi talem se taem Kalpoilep iko long Erfen inogat man istap long ples ia mo tu long Eratap island.

Namba 3 witness hemi stap talem se Kalpoilep hemi wan title, mo hemi stap talem se Andrew Kalpoilep IV, bifo long ded blong hem long 1993 hemi bin handem ova Jifly title ia Kalpoilep iko long Bakoa Andrew Kalpoilep V we hemi pikinini blong hem mo Vaturisu council of Jifs ibin witnesim long presesence blong community blong Eratap. Hemi soem photo long page 18 long history book blong olgeta olsem evidence blong pruvum handing ova ceremony ia. Hemi talem so hemia oli no electem hem be hemi folem bladlaen from father to son. Witness ia hemi talem se assistant Jif blong Kalpoilep III hemi Marik Kalpong, Assistant blong Jif Andrew Kalpoilep IV, hemi no save be Kalotuk hemi assistant Jif blong Bakoa Andrew Kalpoilep V. Witness ia hemi talem se igat wan nakamal long Eworkaw mo dansing ples blong Eworkaw hemi Ntan Miel. Witnes ia hemi talem se oli putum ol narafala man island long Teouma dark bush blong protecktem land blong olgeta long ol man Eratap. Hemi se hemi neva bin harem se oli electem Kalmet ikam Jif. Hemi talem se Sion we hemi brata blong Kalmet hemi bin go long Queensland mo kam bak mo ded mo oli berem hem long Eratap small Island.

Witness namba 4 hemi mekem testimony blong hem in sapot long klaim blong Original Claimant. Hemi talem se hemi kam aot long Eratap Village mo hemi get kastom evidence blong testify long Efate Island Kot long baontri blong family Kalmet. Long Cross examination, hemi talem se long Eworkaw, Erfen mo Eratap, olgeta native or pipol blong Kalpoilep oli usum system blong acknoledgem use blong graon iko long paramount Jif or Nasawotonga olsem we oli tokabaot long History book long page 25 long section 6.5. Hemi talem se nao ia oli nomo usum system ia olsem bifo from fulap area long land ia oli kam alienated land mo nao ia fulap mixed man nara island oli stap long Eratap mo oli no save traditional system ia. Even hemi talem tu se system ia hemi no mo wok from fulap pipol iwantem onem graon even olgeta we ikam aot long woman. Hemi talem se hemi duty blong bigfala Jif blong lukaotem mo protectem graon long baontri blong hem. Witness ia hemi talem se long side blong Nafalak, hemi blong createm relationship between olgeta tribes be ino blong klaimem graon. Sipos sam long olgeta parties oli ting se oli pat blong Family Kalpoilep, oli recognisem olgeta olsem pat blong tribes. Hemi talem se olgeta hed of tribes bigfala Jif nao irecognisem olgeta mo oli responsible long ol tribes. Witness hemi talem se hemi decendant blong Family Mansil mo hem hemi no bladlaen blong Kalpoilep. Hemi stap talem se Family Kalmermer oli decendants blong Anetyum mo apu blong olgeta ikam fastaem long Pango olsem wan preacher mo later kam maret ikam long family blong Eratap. Further more witness hemi deniem relationship wetem nem ia Talipoa mo Kalpoilep mo confirmem se Talipoa nao hemi bin welcomem ol missionary.

Long submission blong Family Kalmet oli talem se bauntri we oli claimem hemi stap bitwin Teouma River mo Rentapau River. Long 2003 olgeta seven heds of tribes blong Eratap oli bin signem wan press statement. Evidence ishoem long Annexures 46/c point 9 '..Eworkaw (Teouma) Area we emi Tapu Nakamal, emi custom bauntri blong great great Paramount Chief Kalpoilep I mo ol nem blong tribes we oli unda long ful authority blong hem ikaveramap full Teouma area kasem Rentapau area.

Original Claimants oli submit se ikat 4 issues blong kot imas consider:

1. Kot imas determinem Ownership long Teouma Rentapau Land folem kastom we iexist mo prevail long Teoumea Rentapau area and ol narafala area olsem we Constitution itokabaot.

2. Wanem nao hemi traditional system blong kavening or owning of land tenure system long Efate kastom.

3. Folem kastom blong Efate se Paramount Jif blong Teouma Rentapau hemi olsem land we Original Claimant iclaim.

4. Teouma Rentapau area bifo ikat wan Paramount Jif mo olgeta pipol blong hem oli subject long ruling blong hem.

Oli submit se Jif Kalpoilep I hemi bin rul from 1845 kasem 1881 hemi about 36 years. Hemi bin kat 30 waefs we ishoem se hemi wan big Jif. Stret waef blong hem hemi Leitongraw. Oli submit se ibin kat olgeta smol Jifs tu oli bin lif wetem hem mo oli lukaotem ol narafala station insaed long bauntri blong hem. Olgeta Jifs ia oli hed of tribes o nametrau. Evidence ishoem se Jif Kalpoilep I hemi bin lif long Eworkaw mo ol narafala patis oli no challengem evidence ia.

Afta long Eworkaw, hemi lidem ol pipol blong hem mo oli mov iko mo settle long Erfen vilij. Long Erfen Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II hemi succedem papa blong hem Kalpoilep I mo lidem pipol iko settle long Eratap smol island. Jif Kalpoilep I hemi sharem baontri blong hem wetem Jif blong Ebuff (Bufa), Jif blong Ekasuvat (Erakor), Jif blong Epuen mo Jif blong Epau. Evri year olgeta Paramount Jifs ia oli performem pis ceremony bitwin olgeta blong maintainem pis mo koperasen bitwin olgeta. Long sem taem hemi blong recognizem ol kastom boundaries blong olgeta. Blong realisem se olgeta Paramount Jifs long olgeta vilijes kolosap oli save olgeta mo oli recognizem olgeta, Jif blong Ebuff, Jif blong Ekasuvat, Jif blong Epuen mo Jif blong Epau oli bin holem wan kot wetem paramount Jif Kalpoilep I mo askem hem blong relisim woman blong missionary Makenzie taem hemi kam visitem Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I mo Jif Kalpoilep I hemi tekem aot woman blong hem. Blong keepim history ia, oli changem nem blong Eworkaw hil ikam Makenzie hil. Ntan-Miel hemi wan nakamal blong Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I we oli holem kastom danis mo ol kastom ceremonies long hem mo hemi stap long Emau-Tul area. Ikat sam long olgeta sacred sites we olgeta isoem long pikja long history buk blong Original Claimant mo provum se yes ikat wan Paramount Jif bifo long area ia. Evidence long Annexure 43/1 hemi shoem se ikat wan paramount Jif nomo long wan vilij, mo evri organization long vilij istap anda long ruling blong paramount Jif. Taem Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I hemi muv aot long Eworkaw, sam pipol blong hem oli ko lif long Rentapau. Wan long ol las man we imuv aot long Rentapau hemi Elder blong church we nem blong hem Marik Kai. Hemi leko Rentapau mo kam settle long Eratap small Island, ples we Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II ilidim ol pipol blong hem oli ko settle long hem. Olgeta ireferem kot iko long wan pija long page 6 long history book blong original claimant se hemia nao hemi picture blong man ia.

Jif Kalpoilep I hemi muv aot long Eworkaw village mo go settle long Erfen village (north of Eratap lagoon) from olgeta reasons ia;

(a) sickness ikam strong tumas, oli mas muv blong kasem help long ol planters

(b) oli lukaot deal long goods, olsem kaliko, tabaco, mo grog

(c) from bisnis blong black birding ol pipol blong paramount Jif Kalpoilep I oli stop lus, so hemi mas muv ikam klosap long Castaway Island, Erakor Island, Ifira Island, mo Mele Island blong stopem fasin blong stilim man witaot notifiem Jif. (hemi givim wan example se ol pipol blong Jif Kalpoilep I oli kakae ol crews blong wan whalers ship we irek long Ekapum lep island outside Eratap).

Taem Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I irul, hem wetem ol man blong hem oli tritem nogud ol waetman during long taem ia blong black birding mekem nao ol man blong hem oli kivim nick nem ia "Marik Tinol" iminim se man blong swolem daon man.

Further long submission, Original Claimant istap tokbaot family blong Kalpoilep 1 we isemak nomo long hemia we imentionem above se hemi got 6 pikikni. Manta, Nmaf, mo Sion oli ko long Queensland mo oli submit se Sion ikam bak mo taem hemi ted oli berem hem long Eratap Small Island. Manta mo Nmaf tufala inever kam bak.

Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I hemi ded between 1872 - 1875 mo pikikni blong hem Kalmet hemi succedim title blong papa blong hem mo hemi kam Paramount Jif Kalpoilep II. Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I oli berem hem long Eerfen Village mo ikat fulap ol historical sites we istap olsem ol memorial sites blong Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I. Long page 6 mo 7 long history book blong Original Claimant, igat sam long ol pictures we isoem ol sites ia.

Original Claimant isubmit se rikot ino, soem how many tribe iexist long taem blong Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I mo olgeta ino save names blong ol hed of tribes. olgeta isubmit tu se olgeta ino save nem blong ol narafala 29 womans blong hem.

Original Claimant isubmit se axe stone (Opsidien) we oli makem Exhibit OC1 hemi wan evidence that ol great grand fathers blong olgeta oli got contact wetem ol first pipiol we oli kam wetem opsidien. Ol archeologist oli believe se ol opsidien axe stone olsem se oli kam wetem ol first pipol we oli kam around 1400's. Olgeta ifurther submit se bubu shell - Exhibits OC2 hemi true bubu shell we Paramount Jif Silas istap usum long taem hemi rulum pipol blong hem long Eratap Small Island. Original Claimant hemi further submit se Kalpoilep hemi wan title name.

Original Claimant isubmit se Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II hemi rul from 1881 kasem 1913 hemia about 32 yias. Long Erfen hemi kam Kristin mo lidem ol pipol blong hem oli ko long Eratap smol Island. Long 1908 ino, mo kat man long Erfen. Evri pipol blong hem oli ko settle long Eratap smol island from se ikat raorao from kristinity bitwin ol kristins mo olgeta pipol we oli wantem stap long heathenism. Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II hemi mas securem church from hem tu iwan kristin so hemi muv aot wetem ol pipol blong hem.

Long submisin blong olgeta oli talem se Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II hemi salem kraon long Teouma Bay long 1882 we hemi kavremap wan total blong 10,000 hectares of land. Value blong land ia hemi stap long wan deed of sale we istap long Annexure 17/a kasem 17/b long Teouma Rentapau Land Claim buk blong olgeta. Jif Kaltapau hemi administratem nara sale we ikavremap area blong Erueti. Oli submit tu se ol sale blong kraon we itek ples long 1882 from ikat greed attitude mo long taem ia man long nara vilij isalem kraon long Teouma Bay. Evidence we first witness blong Counter-Claimant namba 7 ikivim se hemi agri se John Kaltapau hemi blong Erueti. Long nara evidence sekon witness blong counterclaimant namba 7 hemi talem long kot se deed of sale itek ples long Ifira. Taem spokesman blong counter claimant namba 4 ipasem long fes witness blong counter claimant namba 7 se 'Yu ting se deed of sale ia ol waetman oli save trickem ol apu long hem?' hemis answa 'yes'.

Original Claimant isubmit se kot ino save usem ol deed of sale, blong justifyem determination ownership blong land.

Oli submit se ol historical sites blong olgeta we isoem se olgeta families mo pipol blong Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II oli bin once lif long Eratap smol island. Ikat grave blong sion, brata blong paramount Jif Kalpoilep II, grave blong Lalei, wife blong paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II wetem water well mo lime stone blong first church house long Eratap smol island.

Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II hemi kat pikinini, we oli Silas, Kaltong, Kik mo Meriam. Hemi ded mo oli berem bodi blong hem long Eratap smol island. Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II hemi inheritem Jifly title blong hem long papa blong hem paramount Jif Kalpoilep I mo hemi kam Jif taem oli stap yet long Erfen be lafet blong makem taem hemi Jif istap long Eratap small Island. Original Claimant istap submit se ino kat narafala Jif ipasem Jifly title igo long Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II be hemi inheritem long papa blong hem. Original Claimant isubmit se ikat confusion long word ia 'elect' olsem oli writem long annexture 2 long Teouma Land claim book. Olgeta isubmit se taem oli mekem lafet blong markem taem hemi kam Jif, ol missionaries oli writem se oli electem hem.

Paramount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III ikam Jif mo suecedim title blong papa blong hem Kalmet Kalpoilep II mo lafet blong markem taem hemi kam Jif istap long Eratap Island. Evidence we ikam aot long examination in chief long fes witness blong counter claimant No.1, witness Makal Kalsong hemi stap confirmem se apu blong hem hemi bin Tasil or assistant Jif blong Paramount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III, mo hemi further confirmem tu long cross examination taem counter claimant No. 9 iaskem hem. Original Claimant hemi stap submit se evidence ia istap confirmem se Kalpoilep hemi wan Jif.

Long Cross-examination witness No.2 blong Counter Claimant No.1 istap talem se Maritapau hemi wan hed Jif be ino wan paramount Jif. Oli submit se witness namba 4 blong cc1 iconfirmem se Silas ikam long Kalmet blong Rentapau long cross-examination.

Partamount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III mo Jif Kalou blong Eton ilodgem wan caveat againsem application no. 78 blong company Francaise SE Nouvelles Hebrides mo requestem part blong land imas kam bak long han blong tufala. Hemi stap soem nomo interest mo part duty blong tufala olsem paramount Jifs we iserem baontri mo hao tufala iwok tugeta. Annextures 21/a - 21/m long Teouma Rentapau land claim book hemi olsem reference we oli referem kot iko long hem.

Olgeta pictures long page 13 long history book blong Original Claimant hemi stap shoem ol historical sites blong Jif Silas olsem grave blong hem, ground floor blong haos blong hem, mo ground floor blong fes jioj haos.

Jif Silas hemi kat olgeta pikinini ia wetem woman blong hem Rausil, ikat Lianas (f) Andrew Laklokai (m), Simon (m) mo Kalman (m). Paramount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III hemi ded long 1963 mo oli berem ded bodi blong hem long Eratap smol island. Jif Silas Kalpoilep III hemi kam namba 3 generation blong famili laen blong original claimant. Original claimant isubmit se taem Paramount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III hemi rulem pipol blong hem long Eratap smol island ino kat dispute long Jifly title blong hem.

Paramount Jif Andrew Kalpoilep IV emi rul from 1946 kasem 1986 we hemi about 38 years. Jif Andrew Kalpoilep IV hemi succeddem papa blong hem mo ceremony blong hem ikam Jif ibin tek ples long Eratap smol island. Long taem ia hemi Jif mo lukaot pipol blong hem ino kat any man idisputem Jifly title ia Kalpoilep o hierachy blong Jif ia olsem paramount Jif blong Teouma Rentapau. Long taem blong paramount Jif Andrew Kalpoilep IV, ikat wan impotent event itek ples we Paramount Jif Andrew hemi no tekem part long hem taem ol pipol blong Eratap wetem Jif blong Eton oli agri long niufala baontri betwin Eratap mo Eton. Paramount Jif Andrew Kalpoilep IV hemi bin strakel blong karem aot Erueti mo Rentapau island ikam pat long land blong hem mo ol pipol blong em. Original Claimant isubmit se Paramount Jif Andrew Pakoa Kalpoilep IV hemi shoem se hemi kat interest long kraon. Long 1960 kasem 1963 hemi muvem aot ol pipol blong hem long Eratap smol island mo oli kam long Eratap main land. Hemi ded long Eratap vilij. Ded bodi blong hem oli berem long Eratap vilij.

Hemi kat fourtin pikinini wetem woman blong hem Doret. Ol pikinini blong hem oli, Libel (f), Mandre(m), Leuir(f), Markfin(m), Tinapu(m), Leinase (f), Leisok(f), Bakoa(m), Leitar(f), Toubet (f), Leitong(f) Managis (m), Manta(m) mo Baal(m).

Paramount Jif Andrew Bakoa Kalpoilep V hemi succedem title blong papa blong hem, Jif Andrew Kalpoilep IV long Eratap vilij long 1987. Lafet blong celebretem ceremony taem hemi kam. Jif itekem ples long Eratap vilij nomo. Long 1993 Jif Bakoa Kalpoilep V hemi lodgem claim blong Family Kalmet long Efate Island Kot about area blong Teouma River kasem Rentapau River olsem true kastom kraon blong hem mo ol decendants blong hem. Paramount Jif Bakoa Kalpoilep V hemi putem ol man island long area blong Teouma Dark Bush blong protecktem area ia long ol man Eratap we oli stop mekem decision blong salem leasim of lands ia witaot prior authorization blong hem, Original Claimant isubmit se stet after independence long 1980 Jif Andrew Bakoa Kalpoilep V, Jack Kalmetlau, mo Kalotuk Tom trifala isignem lease blong copravi. Jif Andrew Bakoa Kalpoilep V hemi kat five pikinini mo olgeta ia oli Willie(m), Samuel(m) Dorst(f), Peter(m) mo Silas(m).

Long submission blong olgeta oli talem se kastom blong Efate, expecially area blong Teouma kasem Rentapau paramount Jif nao hemi ona mo rulem land, mo hemi sharem bauntri wetem ol narafala Jifs long nara vilij. Long area ia land hemi used olsem ia:

(a) Olgeta individual family ikat access long land tru hed of tribes blong olgeta o nametrau, mo everi taem blong annual feast olgeta ikivim gifts or nasawtonga iko long hed blong tribe ia.

(b) Long behalf blong ol individual families, ol hed of tribes o nametrau oli presentem gifts o nasawtonga iko long Paramount Jif long annual feast. Hemia hemi simply olsem kastom lease we individual o hed of tribes ikat obligation blong mekem sua se everi wan imekem.

(c) Olgeta hed of tribes ireceivem ol gift o nasawtonga ia long ol individual familie ia blong mekem sua se olgeta iprotektem use blong kraon long raet fasin blong hem.

Long side blong Jifly heritage, nasawtonga mo onaship of land long Eratap, Original Claimant isubmit se paramount Jifly title oli handem o inheritem tru long patrilaenal bladlaen be ino election. Hemia everi patis long kot proceeding ia oli agri long hem bifo kot ia iko hed. Long side blong paramount Jif Kalpoilep, title ia ipassed down from papa to son. Fesman we ikarem title is hemi parmount Jif Kalpoilep I, mo ipassem iko long Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II we hemi pikinini blong hem. Jif Kalmet ipasem iko long son blong hem Jif Silas Kalpoilep III, we hemi pasem iko long son blong hem Jif Andrew Kalpoilep IV. Andrew Kalpoilep IV ipasem iko long son blong hem Bakoa Kalpoilep V. Ol evidence blong provum istap long Annexture 43/a kasem 43/d we olgeta paramount Jifs raound Efate we oli stap long Vaturisu Council of Jifs ifinem aot mo oli recognisem se yes itru we Kalpoilep hemi wan Paramount Jif. Oli submit se long kot ia ino kat any long ol parties oli challengem evidence ia. Abel Kalmet ikonfirm long evidence blong hem se ino save kat two Jifs ilukaotem wan area. Oli submit se olgeta nara Counter-claimants oli stap claim tru long ol man we oli no Jif blong area long Teouma/Rentapau. Tu se ol Jifs we ol nara Counter-claimants oli stap claim tru long word ia 'Jif' from long kastom blong Efate kraon hemi blong Paramount Jif.

Long Efate oli submit se kastom yu no save claim kraon thru naflak. Hed blong tribe o nametrau olgeta pipol long wanwan tribe oli choosum who long olgeta isave succedem next wan.

Olgeta hed of tribes o nametrau oli no save tekem ova wok blong narafala Jif, o oli no save takem ova wok blong pramount Jif. Olgeta hed of tribes oli kat duty blong protectem nem blong paramount Jif. Evidence we sekon witness blong counter-claimant no. 8 ikonfirm se cc8 iklem unda long Jif of tribes. Oli submit se hed of tribe hemi no onem land.

System blong onem graon bifo, paramount Jif nao hemi onem graon, mo hemi kavenem land long wan fasin we emi exist. Ol wan wan tribe oli appointem hed blong tribe blong olgeta or nametrau blong olgeta mo paramount Jif nao hemi dividem land iko long olgeta long wan fasin we hemi satisfy long hem mo mekem sua se ikat pis long graon blong hem oltaem. Olgeta hed of tribe nao oli divaidem kraon iko long ol individual families. Ol land ia oli remain property blong paramount Jif mo ol decendants blong hem.

Olgeta pipol oli usum land blong Jif mo everi yia ol hed of tribe or nametrau blong olgeta oli kivim gifts or nasawtonga iko long paramount Jif olsem token blong acknowledgem se land we oli stap usum hemi blong paramount Jif. Hemi wan system blong reciprocity we kastom irecognisem. Olgeta heds of tribe or nametrau oli no ownem land be olgeta oli kodinatem use blong land ia nomo blong mekem wok blong Jif long station or efarea blong olgeta long behalf blong paramount Jif. System blong pem nasawtonga or gifts hemi exist long taem blong paramount Jif Kalpoilep I mo passed on from generation to generation mo hemi still exist today we everi man Eratap oli save mo oli admitim long Kot. Olgeta isubmitim ikam long kot wan judgement we imarked A3 we kot ia hemi recognisem mo oli wantem se kot ia imas considerem. Olgeta oli quotem long page 4 mo paragraph 2 and 4 we italem " it is evident that there is customary obligations..... . As a matter of reciproicity a custom lease is normally paid to the paramount Jif. This chiefly system and land tenure system are proven to be intertwined. Thus, any isolation or absence of these two founding aspects relating to land would prove an invalid custom".

Olgeta italem se ibin gat evidence bifo long kot se Jifly title ia Kalpoilep hemi wan, Paramount Jif mo long annextures 46/a - 46/d ikat seven hed of tribes blong Eratap oli lukim save hem. Olgeta ia ikat Family Kalmet, Family Kalpong (CC No 1), Family Koriman (CC No 2), Family Kalsong, mo Family Kaltatak. Olgeta isubmit se long cross-examination, olgeta narafala parties oli no challengem se Kalpoilep hemi paramount Jif blong Teouma /Rentapau. .Olgeta ifurther submit se reason blong pem nasawtonga iko long paramount Jif by olgeta heds of tribe from land hemi blong Paramount Jif.

Land mo Jifly system tufala iwok tugeta or tufala intertwined. Imin se tufala ino save separate. Wan long olgeta fundamental duty blong paramount Jif nao se hemi mas securem, protecktem, mo mekem sua se land we pipol oli stap usum istap gud oltaem mo land baontri blong hem ino jenis. From area blong hem ibig wan mo ino save lukluk everi ples sem taem, hemi dividem blong ol pipol blong hem ilukaotem ol wan wan area blong hem. Hemia nao olgeta wan wan area ia ikat ol heds of tribes o nametrau blong repot long paramount Jif every time.

Original Claimant isubmitim ikam long kot wan judgment blong Malekula Island Kot we iolsem wan presidence we itok abaot land we Jif iownem. Oli makem olsem Annesture A2 we italem long page 2 "a monarchy type of organization whereby the paramount chief normally governs his subordinate chiefs living within his governing land territory. Each individual subordinate chief has his own people with an allocated peace of land. All subordinate chiefs are accountable to the paramount chief in respect of every social affairs. Land is customarily transferred or inherited patrilinealy from paramount chief to the eldest son". Orginal Claimant isubmit se same system is hemi custom we ipractised rno exist long Efate.

Original Claimant hemi submit se family tree blong hem hemi true mo history istat wetem Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I mo history hemi flow from generation to generation kasem namba 7 generation. Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I hemi blong Eworkaw mo land bauntri blong hem istat long Eratap kasem Rentapau river.

Original Claimant isubmit se Kalpoilep hemi wan title mo title blong Jif ia ipassed on over long 5 generations finis, mo hemi the only Paramount Jif blong Eratap kasem Rentapau River. Oli submit tu se word ia Caveat imean application we Jif Silas Kalpoilep III mo Jif Kolou blong Eton tufala imekem iko long kot. Hem ishoem interest blong Jif Silas long land bauntri blong hem.

Oli submit se olgeta heads of tribes oli no inheritem title blong Jif, pipol ielectem olgeta blong leadem tribes we istap anda long ful authority blong Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I. Oli confirm se land hemi blong paramount Jif mo hemi dividem iko long heds of tribes, mo heds of tribe divvidem iko long individual familis. Original Claimant isubmit se oli no usem deed of sale blong mekem claim, be hemi usem deed of sale blong pruvem se ikat greedy attitude long taem we sale of land itekem ples.

Original Claimant hemi sumit se taem Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I emi muv aot long Eworkaw hemi ko long Erfen olsem sekon vilij blong hem. Sam nara pipol blong Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I oli ko settle long Rentapau. Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep IV hemi Paramount Jif blong Eratap Smol Island kasem Rentapau River kasem taem hemi ded mo oli berem hem long Eratap Smol Island. Original Claimant hemi submit se ikat wan traditional system nomo blong usem land long Eratap kasem Rentapau River long taem blong ol pupu ikam. Traditional land system ia hemi land system we Original Claimant hemi putem long claim blong hem. Traditional land system ia inomo wok tudei from two reasons:

(a) Taem ol waetman oli start wok long land between Teouma River kasem Rentapau River, paramount chief wetem pipol blong hem oli unaet blong defendem land blong paramount chief. Unity blong defendem land hemi tekem ples blong kastomary leases o nasawtonga we ol heads of tribes oli sapos blong mekem annually iko long paramount chief.

(b) Plenty pipol blong nara islands long Vanuatu oli lif long Eratap mo oli no save traditional system blong usem land.

Original Claimant hemi submit se hemi defendem kraon start long taem blong Paramount Chief Silas Kalpoilep III kam kasem Paramount Chief Andrew Bakoa Kalpoilep V from olgeta waetman mo ol nara man including Eratap mo Erakor Land Committees. Hemia isoem interest blong hem long land. Ol record istap long ol exhibits we oli stap long book blong Land Claim blong family Kalmet iprovidem.

OC isubmit se hemia ino minim se system ia ol stret man Teouma Rentapau ino save, hemia from hemi part blong kastom we iformem basis blong ownership, so OC isubmit se kastom ia hemi mas be taken into consideration taem blong decidem ownership long land.

Oli submit se nasawtonga ibin stap praticed long taem blong Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I kasem taem blong Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II mo smol taem long reign blong Paramount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III.

Original Claimant isubmit se Kalmermer hemi blong Anietym we hemi reside long Pango mo hemi bin stap mekem wok blong church long South Efate kasem taem we hemi continue blong lif long Eratap village kasem tedei.

Oli submit se land hemi blong Paramount Jif mo hemi dividem iko long ol heds blong nametrau.

Original Claimant isubmit se Counter-Claimant no.1 hemi no justifyem claim blong hem long Jif mo kraon. Oli claim long nem blong Kalpong be kasem tudei inokat wan long olgeta ikam Jif long Eratap vilij yet. Oli submit se CC. 1 hemi no bin save provem se jif Kalpong hemi defendem kraon from olgeta waetman mo ol nara man olsem Eratap mo Erakor Land Committees.

Oli submit se Counter-Claimant no. 1 hemi failed blong provem long kot interest blong hem long land. Oli submit se cc. 1 oli no challengem evidence we original claiman wetem olgeta witness blong OC oli putum befor long kot ia. OC isubmit se CC 4 me 5 long statement blong olgeta oli mentionem se CC.1 oli blong Pango. OC isubmit se hemia ishoem strong evidence we cc. 1 ino challengem nating long kot.

Original Claimant isubmit se Counter-Claimant no.2 hemi claimem kraon true long Paramount Jif Koriman, be kasem tedei inokat wan Koriman iparamount Jif long Eratap yet. Oli talem nomo long kot se 'istap long family blong decide'. Long submission blong olgeta OC italem se CC.2 ino justifyem claim blong hem long Jif mo kraon. Long map blong CC.2 ishoem se bauntri ikasem Emet Naniu be long statement blong olgeta bauntri ikasem Emet-Fat. Original Claimant hemi submit se Koriman hemi no wan paramount Jif be hemi wan nametrau o head of tribe nomo. OC isubmit se wetem family tree we OC isubmitim ikam long kot, olgeta ikat confusion long nem ia Kalkau mo Mansil. Oli submit se hemia ishoem wan indication se olgeta ino save mo ikam klia se CC No 7 oli usum sem nem ia Kaltapau Mansil. OC isubmit se olgeta igat tumas uncertainties long ol nem we oli usum. Original Claimant isubmit se Counter-Claimant no.2 hemi fail blong provem interest blong olgeta long kraon. OC isubmit se kot ia imas disregardem claim blong olgeta.

Original Claimant isubmit se Kalmer hemi family blong Kalmermer, Counter-Claimant No.4, mo hemi 37 years old long 1973 taem oli interviewem hem. Folem clear andastanding blong Kalmer, hemi se 'I know', imean se hemi no kat doubt blong talem long E.S.G. Pakoa se wan man nem blong hem Kalpoulep ilive long Erkau (Eworkaw). Oli submit se Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I hemi exist olsem mifala writem long history buk blong mifala. (Oli refer long Annexture 8/d). Oli further submit se Kalmer hemi describem Kalpoulep se hemi kat plenty woman. Oli talem se long kastom blong bifo, ol paramount Jif nomo oli save kat plenty woman mo long hemia Kalmer hemi confirmem claim blong Original Claimant too se Paramount Jif Kalpoilep ikat 30 woman. Ol heads of tribes o nametrau oli no kat right blong kat plenty woman olsem. Kalmer hemi confirm too se Jif Laklokai hemi descended long laen blong Kalpoulep. Mifala submit se ikat two important words long ples ia 'descenden mo laen'. Firstly, decenden imean se title blong wan paramount Jif oli inheritem-oli passem from generation to next generation. Secondly, laen imean se Kalpoulep (or Kalpoilep) hemi wan title ino name. Oli submit se CC. 4 hemi claim se Kalmermer hemi Jif be oli no pruvum long kot se hemi wan Jif. Oli submit se Kalmermer hemi no wan Jif bifo olsem we oli stap claim, mo oli further isubmit se evidence ishoem se Vaturisu Kaonsel Blong Ol Kastom Jifs Efate hemi confirm long Chiefly Title Dispute 02/98 se Mr. Manvei Kaltamat iluk save that Jif Kalpoilep iwan Paramount Jif blong Eratap vilij.

Original Claimant isubmit se stret papa blong ati Rausil we hemi wife blong Paramount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III hemi Pakoa Miel. Stret mama blong ati Rausil nem blong hem hemi Litipon, mo ol pikinini blong Pakoa Miel mo Litipon ikat: Spedal (m) we hemi generation istap long Epau, Spedley (m) we hemi generation istap long Epau, Rausil (f) we hemi wife blong Paramount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III, Neras (f) we hemi generation hemi Family Palupau (Eratap).

Original Claimant isubmit se Counter-Claimant no.5 ino save provem stret papa mo mama blong ati Rausil. Hemi mekemap kastom story ia nomo, mo oli submit to se ino kat wan kastom story olsem we CC.5 italem ihapen long River blong Teouma.

Submission blong Original Claimant ise case blong Counter-Claimant no. 6 idepend plenty long deed of sale blong justiym claim blong olgeta. OC isubmit se kot ia ino save depend long deed of sale ia blong justifym determination blong custom land owner. Oli submitim ikam wan judgment long Epi land case olsem wan presidence blong kot imas iconsiderem taem ijudgem Teouma Rentapau case mo makem olsem annexture Al. Long Page 6 paragraph 1,2 and 4. mifala iquotem "we have reminded ourselves to be mindful and concludes that such instrument (deed of Sale) is not a decision of a recognized Court that was in existence during the European settlers era in these islands. ..... the said documents may have obtained illegally by fraud for instance." Kot ia imas considerem se siposi hemi usum deed of sale ia bambai hemi contradictim wanem we constitution italem long Article 73. mifala iquotem " Article 73 -of the Constition is guaranting the customary rights of the original land owners of all alienated land. That is to say all alienated land whether a leased or sold must be returned to the original owners." OC isubmit se CC No 6 oli no qualify long kastom blong klemem graon.

Fulap evidence blong Counter-Claimant no.6 hemi abaot NTUAM SOOK a wan association we olgeta oli claim se hemi holem taet ol family tugeta blong developem mo ko bak visitem kraon blong olgeta we apu blong olgeta Kaltapau isalem. OC isubmit se olgeta lands we oli bin stap developem long early 1960 olsem we oli stap claimem, hemi stap narasaet long Rentapau River. Oli submit se Jif Kaltapau oli berem hem long Erueti Island mo witness blong counter claimant No.6 ibin confirm long kot se ples we oli stap talkabaot hemi stap long narasaed long Rentapau river. Ol witnesses blong CC.6 oli confirm se Elak-Nakmourae istap narasaet Rentapau River mo oli confirm tu se oli neva wok ikam long area we Original Claimant iclaimem. OC isubmit se CC.6 istap claimem wrong area. Oli submit se Kaltapau hemi Jif of tribe nomo olsem we istap long deed of sale blong 1882, mo hemi bin administratem sale blong land ia nomo we really ino blong hem be hemi blong wan Paramount Jif. OC isubmit se CC No 6 oli gat confusion long nem ia Kaltapau mo Koriman. Sem nem ia CC No 2, 7 mo 9 oli usum iminim se igat uncertainties sam wea mo kot ia ino save declarem wan long olgeta under long nem ia from ikat dispute long nem.

OC isubmit se Counter-Claimant no.7 to oli stap claim folem wan deed of sale we oli submittem ikam long kot mo oli makem exhibit CC 7.1. Pati ia oli stap claimem wan Kaltapau we oli berem hem long Ifira Tenuku. Original-Claimant isubmit se sem Kaltapau we Counter-Claimant no.7 istap claimem, hemi sem Kaltapau nomo we Counter Claimant no.6 istap claim long hem. Original Claimant isubmit se Counter-Claimant no.7 oli family wetem Counter-Claimant no.2 long sense se olgeta tu iusem Kaltapau Koriman.

Original Claimant isubmit se Counter-Claimant no.8 hemi no pruvem long kot wan stret history blong Jif we oli claimem land long hem, pati ia iclaim wan wrong area. Oli claim tru long wan man we ileko olgeta pipol blong Rentapau mo hemi kat kraon too long Pango. OC ifurther submit se long heathenism time wan man Efate hemi no save claimem kraon long nara area o bauntri long nara Paramount Jif. Oli submit se Counter-Claimant no.8 hemi stap assume nomo se Marik Kasu hemi kam long Rentapau

Original Claimant isubmit se CC9 hemi kam aot long Lilingai we iadpted daughter blong Kalpoilep I we sem Lilingai we Counter-Claimant no. 9 istap tok abaot (irefer long family tree blong Original Clamant). Oli submit se evidence blong olgeta witnesses blong cc.9 oli agree se statement blong OC we italem se Lilingai we OC takabaot hemi mama blong Kalkot mo Kalosin. OC isubmit se long Kastom blong Efate, Naflak yumi no save usum blong justifiem determination blong wan custom land owner from bambai ibreachim kastom mo constitution. OC isubmitim ikam long kot wan judgment we sem kot ia ibin decide se long Efate yumi no save usum Naflak. Mo oli makem Judgment ia olsem Annexture Al. long Page 13 point C: "motu kot iwantem talem se naflak hemi wan polisi we Jif Roymata nao iputum mo hemia iblong mentenem pis nomo be ino blong disaed long kastomari onasip blong wan graon." Oli submit se tufala pikinini blong Lilingai hemi Kalkot mo Kalosin we hemi karem tufala long aotside marriage.

OC isubmit se CC No 9 hemi no qualify folem kastom blong klemem graon long Teouma Rentapau land case.

Oli submit se Kalkot mo Kalosin tufala ismol boy nomo taem oli karem ded bodi blong mama blong tufala iko long Erakor. Furthermore oli submit se Counter-Clamant no.9 hemi no save stret story blong Lilingai. Oli submit se Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II hemi kilem adopted sista blong hem blong exchangem blad blong prija Temteo from Lilingai hemi kat tufala pikinini aot saet marriage, mo oli submit se Lilingai hemi adopted daughter blong Pramount Jif Kalpoilep I. Oli submit se Counter-Claimant no.9 hemi claimem onasip blong kraon tru Kalkau Koriman we sem Koriman nomo Counter-Clamant no.2 istap claimem mo CC No 6 rno 7. OC isubmit se olgeta parties ia igat dispute long nem.

Hemia ol evidence we OC isubmitim long kot through long ol exhibits: Original Claimant submit se exhibits Annexture 1 - 48/N long buk we Original Claimant i kolem "Teouma-Rentapau Land Claim" mo exhibits "OC 1 & 2" oli still stap olsem strong evidence blong sapotem Land Claim blong Original Claimant, mo olgeta Counter-Claimant oli no disputem any exhibits we olgeta oli submitem long kot. Original Claimant hemi submit se following extracts from the exhibits oli kivem hard evidence long claim blong Original Claimant long land bauntri bitwin Teouma River to Rentapau River. Oli submit se Annexture 1 & 3 shoem se Chief Talipoa hemi wan hed of tribe long Eratap. Long Annex 1, pg. 53 sub-heading 'Erakor, island of peace' "...Even Olatapu had a Christian chief named Talipoa....". Therefore chief Talipoa hemi wan hed of tribe we descendants blong hem hemi Family Kaltatak we istap wetem Original Claimant. Annexture 2, pg. 28, parag. 4 '...Before the feast was finished their chief took ill and died...' Paramount Chief Kalpoilep I hemi ded mo oli berem ded bodi blong hem long Erfen. Parag. 4 & 5 '...Along with their wives they moved to a smol island a short distance away, and formed the nucleus of a small village...' Hemi confirm se ikat Paramount Chief Kalmet Kalpoilep II hemi move wetem David mo Kalpong and their wives to Eratap island. Ino kat vilij long Eratap Smol Island. '...and they formed...' imean se trifala wetem wives blong trifala istartem vilij. '...they elected Kalomet their chief..'. Oli mekem lafet blong markem taem hemi kam chief, oli no electem hem. OC isubmit se long exhibits ia ino mentionein nem blong Chief Kalpong, Chief Koriman, Chief Kalmermer, mo Chief Kalwatong. Pg. 29, parag. 3 '...Kalomet continued as chief and teacher, at least until 1908...' Long Eratap smol Island, Paramount Chief Kalmet Kalpoilep II hemi holem wok olsem chief mo teacher. Annexture 4 & 7, pg 6, parag. 5 '...Imtang. The teacher says that quite a number of heathen have come in lately, so that their little church is now too small. It was once the worst place for cannibalism on the whole island.' Story istart long page 6 iko kasem page 28. Imtang o Emten hemi ples we Erfen vilij istap long hem hemi wan las vilij we cannibalism istap long hem kasem taem ol pipol oli start blong kam Christian. Annexture 5, pg. 27, parag. 1 '...By late 1908 the inland villages had ceased to exist and there were no remaining heathen. The total population as given by Dr Makinzie, was less than 700. Eratap had a population of between 40 and 50...' Ol nara pipol we oli mov aot long Erfen mo Rentapau oli kam live long Eratap Smol Island. 700 pipol hemi includem ol pleses olsem Bufa mo Woruntupou (Rentapau) Refer Annex 7, pg 6, parag, 2,(Area blong South Efate Missionary field). Annexture 6, New Hebrides Condominium hemi mekem census start long 1946 kasem 1962 long population blong Eratap Smol Island. Annexture 8/A. British District Agent (BDA) for Central District No. 1. Vila, hemi writem leta iko long Chief Andrew Laklokai blong attendem wan meeting abaot application blong Eratap long tufala smol island long Rentapau. BDA hemi writem leta iko long Paramount Chief Andrew Lalokai from hem nomo hemi paramount chief blong Eratap. Ino gat nara chief long Eratap long 1973. Ino gat man iclaim title blong chief too long 1973. Annexture 8/B. After long meeting wetem BDA, E.S.G. Pakoa hemi writem leta mo attachem ol toktok we oli talem long meeting ia ikam long Chief Andrew Laklokai blong Eratap vilij. Annexture 8/C. E.S.G. Pakoa hemi sentem copy blong meeting o interview we hemi mekem long behalf blong BDA wetem Chief Andrew Laklokai wetem two nara man blong Eratap vilij. Annexture 8/D - F. Refer long parag.12 mo mi quotem: '...KALMER: Yes I know that a man by the name of Kalpoulep (Kalbolef) lived at Erkau and had plenty wives and that this Chief Laklokai is decended frorn the laen of Kalpoulep (or Kalbolef)...'. Annexture 9 isoem true family tree blong Paramount Chief Kalpoilep I. Oli submit se ibin gat typing error se Sion iko long Queensland mo ino kam bak. Annexture 9/A hemi family tree blong Pramount Chief Andrew Kalpoilep IV we hemi pikinini blong Paramount Chief Silas Kalpoilep III. Annexture 9/B - 9/J hemi family tree blong sam long olgeta Counter-Claimants we oli claim through long naflak o clan (woman). Annexture 17/A - 18 hemi deed of sale. Annexture 21 /A - 21 / M hemi soem interest blong Paramount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III taem hemi defendem kraon. Annexture 25/A - 26/M hemi soem Paramount Jif Andrew Bakoa Kalpoilep V hemi signem lease blong Copravi. Annexture 27 - 35 hemi soem ol correspondences we Paramount Jif Andrew Bakoa Kalpoilep V hemi stap handlem issue blong kraon. Annexture 36 hemi soem Order blong Efate Island Court long 1994. Annexture 37/A - 39/B isoem ol land leases we Eratap Land Trust i bin kivem consent long hem. Annexture 39/C/1 - 42/A hemi ol nara documents long wok blong vilij we Paramount Jif Andrew Bakoa Kalpoilep V hemi involved long hem. Annexture 43/A - 45/L ikat documents blong judgement blong Vaturisu Council Of Efate Chiefs long Jifly dispute, leta from Malvatumauri National Council of Chiefs mo ol nara documents we soem se Paramount Jif Andrew Bakoa Kalpoilep V hemi gat concern long misuse long land. Annexture 46/A - 47 ol hed of tribes long Eratap oli sapotem title blong Paramount Jif Andrew Bakoa Kalpoilep V mo land bauntri blong hem. Annexture 47/A - 48/N isoem Paramount Jif Andrew Bakoa Kalpoilep hemi defendem kraon blong hem long Supreme Court. Annexture OC1 hemi wan axe stone we mifala finem long wan long olgeta stone wall we mifala submit se hemi nasara blong Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I. Axe stone olsem oli usem befo ol waetman ikam. Annexture OC2 hemi bubu blong Paramount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III. Paramount Jif Silas Kalpoilep III hemi usem bubu shell ia long Eratap Smol Island. Annexture Al, A2, A3, hemi ol judgements long ol land cases we oli similar long land claim blong mifala, mo land tenure system we Original Claimant hemi presentem.

Original Claimant hemi submit se long End blong Bauntri ia, antap long northern side hemi area we oli kolem Erapo, long eastern side hemi area we oli kolem Emasin, mo long western side hemi land blong Eworkaw, mo long southern side hemi Rentapau.

Bauntri hemi folem nomo river ikam daon long south blong Rentapau kam kasem solwota, iko long mouth blong river we oli kolem Enot-Tae. Ples ia nao taem ino, kat rod yet, ol olfala oli stap usem blong ko narasaet mo ko long Eton. Hemia from ples ia ino deep, (long storian ia olgeta paties we oli bin tekem kot iko long ples ia oli talem sem story).

Original Clamant hemi submit se Naursa hemi wan tabu ples we hemi stap long wan lagoon be ino nem blong smol island olsem we sam parties oli talem. Smol Island ia nem blong hem hem Rentapau.

Geographically location blong Eworkaw hemi ples we Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I hemi save luk ova ol ples we ol tribes blong hem oli settle long hem, mo taem ikat faet o war, ol tribes oli indicatem long smoke blong fire, o oli blow bubu, o oli kilem tamtam.

Original Claimant ibin tekem kot iko long Eratap smol island blong luklm grave blong Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II, Kot ilukim too grave blong olfala Kai, grave blong Sion, brata blong Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II, mo grave blong Lalei, we hemi wife blong Paramount Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep II.

Oli submit se name we olgeta ikivem long bauntri mak long eastern side long Rentapau River hemi should be Elak-Fat-Kot-Liu, imean se stone we idividem different kraon. Fat-Kot-Liu imean name blong stone we istap long middle long river. (See Annexture A 4 map attached)

OC isubmit se name ia Ntan-Miel we oli kivem, long map blong olgeta ishould be Elakntan-Miel.

OC isubmit se long history buk blong olgeta chapter 7, 7.1 (c) oli talem se woman ino onem kraon o property (See Annexture Al, Judgement Land Case No. 1 of 2001, pg. 13, (c), Judgement ia istap confirmem ol toktok blong olgeta.

OC isubmit se after long visitation blong land mo overall view blong map blong OC, baontri blong wan paramount Jif olsem Kalpoilep hemi stap long medel blong tufala rivers. Oli submitim ikam long Kot wan judgment we Malekuia Island Court irecognisern se baontri blong ol paramount Jif isave gat olgeta samting olsem greek o river imakem. Ol imakem long page 18 paragraph 1 mo mifala iquotem olsem ia;

"Boundries area usually indicated by creeks, rivers, rock or other physical' phenomena". OC ' isubmit se kot ia imas tekem into concentration point ia.

OC iwantem submitim ikam long Efate Island Court se Kot ia hemi established under long Island Kot Act Chapter 167 purposely blong determinem wan land ownership. Efate Island Court hemi no gat power blong makem any other orders blong recognisem right blong wanwan party. Siposi olgeta party ia oli tribe blong Paramount Jif Kalpoilep, right blong olgeta hemi stap long Paramount Jif Kalpoilep blong allocatem land iko long olgeta be ino duty blong kot ia blong iorderem Jif blong mekem. OC isubmit se olgeta narafala claimants oli gat olgeta boundries we ino got justification long hem blong establishim se olgeta itribes blong paramount Jif kalpoilep. OC isubmit se olgeta pipol we oli tribes mo olgeta isave long olgeta name blong sam long olgeta istap long Teouma Rentapau land claim book wetem Family Kalmet. OC istap submit se wetem olgeta toktok mo evidences we istap bifo long kot ia oli kat confidence se olgeta nao isud be declared Custom land owners long Teouma Rentapau land we area blong hem istap long map we olgeta iclaimem. Oli pray se kot bae imekem olgeta orders ia long favor blong olgeta;

1. Declarem se Paramount Jif Bakoa Andrew Kalpoilep V mo ol pipol blong hem oli tru Kastom landowner long Teouma Rentapau land.

2. Kot iawordem ikam long Original Klaimant wan fair costs blong VT 240,000 to be equally shared among ol counter claimants and be paid within 3 weeks.

History blong land we Representative blong Family Kalpong ipresentem:

Sangoi Kalsong hemi presentem history mo land claim blong chief Maripou blong Emelpat long behalf blong family Kalpong. Hemi talem se olgeta oli tribes blong Maripou we oli liv long Eratap tedei. Apu Maripou ibin liv long Emlepat land long darkness time long yia 1800.

Jif Maripou emi stret custom Jif mo owner blong custom land baontri we istat long Emlpat area iko kasem Enmautul area folem ol stampa blong bamboo mo folem iraon kasem Efatroe, follem riva iko daon kasem Earof, ko down long Eprisef, follem sandbeach long solwora iko long Emlasei follem side blong solwora kasem Emeltengi, follem kasem Enarpou mo igo back antap long hill long Emelpat olsem we istap long map blong.olgeta. Custom land baontri ia ipat blong title 170 we hemi land and survey record blong area long Teouma. Emia nao kastom bauntri we olgeta olsem decendants mo tribes blong Jif Maripou istap klemem follem history we oli save thru long olfala blong olgeta. Custom nakamal blong Jif Maripou istap long Emelpat. Nakamal ikat two stone long hem mo history italem se Jif Maripou istap usum blong war or fight wetem ol tribes blong hem blong fight akensem ol ememy. Igat wan nara stone tu we whiteman ia nem blong hem David we ileasim graond ia itekem istap. Long custom area blong nakamal ia ikat namele trees, sea oak, mo breadfruit trees igro long hem. Ikat wan kokonas tu istap long aria ia bifo be hurican itekemaot finis mo kokonas ia oli kolem Numtapilkap. Skin blong hem idark green mo ae blong hem ired. Folem history kokonas ia istap kolosap long ples we kastom haos blong waef blong Jif Maripou istap long hem. Spokes man ise Jif Maripou istap liv wetem ol pipol blong hem long ol surrounding custom bauntri blong hem olsem we hem istatem finis mo olsem we map ishoem. Hemi talem se ikat.ol narafala eria oatsaed long bauntri we olgeta isave se iblong ol narafala Jif mo tribes blong olgeta we oli irespectem mo no claimem. Olgeta oli istap claim nomo custom baontri we oli ibelieve se long history olgeta ikat right long hem. Family tree blong Jif Maripou isoem se Jif wetem woman blong hem, Tourango, ikat wan pikinini boe, nem blong hem kalkes. Kalkes imaretem Litapot mo tufala ikat two pikinini, Kalpong mo Tutek.

Long traditional period between heathenism mo arrival blong Gospel long pleses we kospel istap long hem. Folem power blong kospel long time ia now imekem se Kalpong imov igo long Eratap Island. Hemi last olfala we ilivim Emelpat long 1800. Taem hemi stap long Eratap Island now hemi maretem wan woman nem blong hem Meriam. Tufala ikat 7 pikinini be wan ided. Olgeta we oli laef ikat Kalosin, Kalorus, Tourango, Toutwel, Lili mo Lipako. Folem history mo famly tree, Jif Maripou ikat 7 generation everiwan we oli tru bladlaen blong Jif Maripou we oli stap liv long Eratap Village today. Olfala Kalpong ided long wan Saturday afternoon long 1951 mo grave blong hem istap long Eratap Island. Ol decendant mo tribes blong Jif Maripou we istret bladlaen blong hem iclaim full custom right blong hem long custom baontri we oli indicatem long map. Befo hemi finis presentem history mo claim blong family Kalpong hemi explain map mo famly tri blong family Kalpong.

Family Kalpong oli kat 4 witnesses. Ikat Makal Kalsong, Kalomuen Kalorus, Wales John mo Harry Makal.

Long evidence we olgeta witnesses oli providem long kot everywan italem se oli kam long kot blong defendem graon mo right blong pupu blong olgeta Jif Maripou. Fes witnes iconfirm long kot se apu blong hem Kalpong hemi bin assistant Jif blong Jif Silas Kalpoilep.

Long cross-examination fes witness italem se hemi kam long saed long woman. Hemi confirm se paramount Jif nao hemi onem graon, Jif ilukaotem graon long behalf blong ol tribes mo. pipol blong hem. Witness ia hemi no helpem kot tumas long kes blong hem. Long most long ol questions we iko long hem hemi se hemi no save.

Witness namba 2 hemi talem long cross-examination se apu blong hem ided long 1951. Hemi confirm, se Kalpong hemi maretem Meriam we hemi daughter blong Jif Kalmet, hemi no save se Kalpong hemi wan big Jif or smol Jif. Witness ia iansa long most long ol questions se hemi no save mekem se kot ino sure se hemi no save tru o hemi no wantem ansa ol questions.

Last witness italem long evidence se Kalpong hemi same person ia Maripou. Hemi talem se olgeta oli save se ibin kat wan woman imaret iko long Pango be oli no save se ilaef yet or ded finis, taem we hemi ansa long question se Kalpong hemi blong Pango.

Long submission blong olgeta Family Kelpong italem se olgeta all decendants blong Jif Maripou mo olgeta oli bin save gud graon ia tru long ol ancestors blong olgeta bifo independence kam kasem tudei. Olgeta italem se sale blong graon we ol waet man oli bin trikim ol pupu blong olgeta long drink mo narafala samting imekem se oli salem graon blong olgeta but tudei olgeta ikam blong defendem raet blong olgeta bakaken long graon ia.

Oli submit se olgeta witnnesses blong counter claimants no 2 Supu, CC No.6 Kennedy, CC No.4 John Tau mo CC No 9 Kalrongo oli confirmem mo luk save mo confirm se Emelpat hemi stret kraon blong Jif Maripou mo generations blong hem.

Olgeta ifurther submitim se long cross examination everi counter claimants oli admitim se Jif nao iownem graon, but oli stanap long Kastom blong Efate mo Mama law blong Vanuatu se pipol oli kat raet long Kastom blong olgeta.

Long land visit long namba 8 February, 2006, kot wetem olgeta oli bin ko visitim mo wokabaot long graon mo blong pruvum wanem istap long statement blong olgeta olsem baontri, nem blong pleses mo kastom samting we istap long graon olsem we oli talem long statement blong olgeta.

Long submission blong olgeta oli expresem disappointment blong olgeta long taem blong visit, se sam man oli bin stilim stone blong olgeta mo oli stap appeal tru long kot ia se siposi any man itekem bambai imas ko putum bak long ples blong hem.

Oli submit se oli no agree long klem blong Kalwatong from se long saed long wan kes long Land Tribunal long Eratap family ia oli klem anda long Jif Talitau be nao oli stap claim Teouma Rentapau land unda long Jif Kalre. Olgeta isubmitim se bambai ino possible long wan man nomo ibon long tu mama.

Long Counter Claimant No. 4 we hemi Kalmermer, olgeta oli submit se klem blong hem istap long side river mo ino kat proof from oli talem se nakamal blong hem istap long Etom mo Erfen long Eratap long ples we Lands Tribunal ibin declarem finish long side river mo ko kasem Rentapau oli talem se oli klem authority blong wan Jif.

Family Kalpong isubmit se Kalmermer hemi no Jif be hemi hed of family nomo mo ino kat raet blong claim land long Teouma Rentapau. Long side blong Family Kalmet, stret nakamal blong hem istap long Eworkaw long Rentapau. Migration 1 mo 2 isoem klia se Kalpoilep I imuv aot long ples to ples rison from power blong gospel nomo.

Bat long klem from onasip long kraon hemi mas klem nakamal blong hem nomo. Jif isud rulum nomo baontri bat letem nomo kot ideclarem wanwan area iko long stret ona blong hem.

Long side blong Family Koriman, olgeta isubmit se olgeta iharem nomo Koriman long Rentapau. Be tudei olgeta family ia oli stap long Eton, Erakor, Eratap, mo Ifira mo oli kat proof long ol ples blong olgeta mo kot imas declarem nomo area ia long nem blong Jif Koriman. Nakamal blong hem hemi Emtang we tedei yumi kolem Eworkaw.

Olgeta narafala claimants olsem Fatan Kalmari mo John Kaltapau mo family, Family Kalpong isubmit se olgeta oli no save gud long claim blong olgeta bat olsem oli klaim long side blong woman mo folem kastom, woman ino kat raet blong claim.

Long side blong conclusion, olgeta oli talem se wetem olgeta toktok ia, olgeta family blong Jif Maripou ikat confidence mo prove long olgeta samting istap mo olgeta iaskem long kot blong declarem kraon ia Emelpat area long nem blong Family Kalpong.

History blong land we Representative blong Family Koriman ipresentem:

Presentation blong Counter Claimant namba 2. Kalorus Kalpong Koriman hemi present long behalf long family Koriman, Hemi talem se oli claim folem blood laen. Hemi talem se hemi holem titol ia folem blad laen blong Jif Koriman blong Rantabau we ided istap long Rantabau aelan. Long l986 Efate Island Kot igo lukim grave ia. Hemi se famili laen blong Jif Koriman long famili tree blong olgeta. Vilij blong Jif Koriman hemi Emtang antap long hil. Nakamal blong hem istap down kolosap long Naursa we stampa blong oak tri istap long hem. Tapu ples blong hem, Naursa (Rantabau Island). Boundri blong Jif Koriman istat long Naursa folem solwota kasem Emetfat mo tu iko long vilij Emtang mo go antap long Poloun mekem baondari wetem Jif Palupau blong Eratap mo Jif Metoukes blong Emasin, mo kam daon long riva Naigot kam kasem Eftu mo kasern Naursa Rentapau Island bageken, Hemi showem long map we oli providem.

Folem storian ia we papa blong hem i talem long hem hemi se Jif Koriman nao iparamoun Jif blong eria we istap long klem we istap long map. Ino gat eni man or Jif igat raet long eria ia. Wetem onasip mo taetol we Jif Koriman igat ol narafala smolsmol Jif oli stap andanit long hem kasem taem we kospel ikasem yumi mo mekem olgeta oli muv ikam daon mo liv kolosap long solwota, be Jif Koriman istap nomo long vilij blong hem, Emtang kasem taem hemi ded mo oli berem hem long Naursa we hemi tapu ples blong hem.

Wetem ol storian ia we hemi se apu blong hem tugeta wetem papa blong hem italem, hemi se istanap wetem taitol ia folem blad laen blong Jif Koriman blong talem se graon we original kleman Jif Kalmet iklemem, se hemi graon blong hem (Jif Koriman). Hemi talem long kot se Kalmet hemi ronwei long wan eria long Epau we oli kolem Emeltar ikam mo long taem ia nem blong hem Spetal be ino Kalmet. Hemi talem se Jif Koriman nao hemi kivim nem ia Kalmet long hem be hemi ino givim raet long hem blong claimem kraon be hemi givim nomo folem fasin mo wok blong hem. Hemi concludem presentesen blong hem blong talem se Jif Koriman nao hemi stret ona blong kraon ia mo tu kelem Jif taitol blong Jif Koriman se hem nao hemi paramount Jif blong area ia.

Hemi kat 3 witness we oli givim evidence blong sapotem klem blong hem. Ikat Harry Kalserei Lovite, Spu-Spetal mo Red Newen John. Olgeta witness ia oli testify long kot se oli kam long kot bong witnessem ples blong pupu blong olgeta

Witness No. 1 hemi se hemi kam aot long side blong woman mo hemi blong Eratap. Hemi se papa blong hem hemi blong Erakor be hemi gat land long Eratap. Hemi no save talem stret se Koriman ikam Jif wetaem be hemi talem se Koriman ifolem bladlaen blong Jif mo hemi se olgeta oli claim title we apu blong olgeta Koriman ikarem. Hemi se Jif Koriman nao hemi Paramount Jif mo hemi stap lukaotem ol tribes mo ol people blong hem.

Hemi talem se Jif Koriman hemi wan Jif we hemi no toktok tumas be hemi kat respect long o1 man. Hemi kat ol man blong hem oli wok blong hem tu. Hemi talem se land baontri ikasem Eruiti Island. Hemi talem se isave se Erakor Land Trust, Eratap Land Trust mo tu Counter Claimant Namba 4 oli bin stap leasim out ol land long ples ia. Second witness italem se hemi blong Eton mo hemi kam long saed long pupu woman blong hem we hemi Topou. Hemi se Topou hemi kam aot long laen blong woman.

Witness No.3 italem se hemi kam long saed laen blong woman ia Toumermai.

Family Mansil Koriman isubmit se olgeta family Mansil Koriman nao oli stret bladlaen blong high Jif Koriman mo hem nomo hemi bikfala Jif long area blong Rantabao long taem blong darkness kasem taem good news ikasem island blong Efate long yia 1800s.

Oli submit se Kalmet iaot long Epau mo kam long Rantabao mo taem hemi kam nem blong hem hemi Spetal be hemi no Kalpoilep. Nem ia Kalpoilep, papa blong Kalotuk Kai nao ikivim long hem. Taem hemi kam long Rentapau hemi stap wetem Apu Koriman Mansil long village blong hem we oli kolem Emtang. Taem hemi stap long ples ia hemi bin stap lukaotem pig blong Jif Koriman. Long taem ia apu Koriman ikivim nik nem blong hem Marik-Lak we hemi min se man blong lukaotem fanis blong ol pig. Afta hemi stap lelepet apu Koriman ikirap iusum hem blong ikam wan police man blong hem, be forom se hemi agresive tumas apu ikivim nara nem blong hem we hemi Kalmet. Oli submit se Apu blong olgeta Koriman nao hemi bin givim woman ia Lalei iko long Apu Kalmet mo Lalei ikam long Southern Island. From we custom iwok long taem ia, Apu Koriman ikarem hem ikam long ples blong hem bakaken blong kivim long Kalmet. Lalei hemi naflak kram. Oli submit se same man ia we ikam long Epau ikarem Lalei blong ikam woman blong hem mo tufala iko daon long Erven from oli wanem karem good news. Family Mansil Koriman isubmit se Apu Koriman ino kivim titol or ful kraon ia long hem, be hemi kivim ol nem ia folem ol wok mo fasin blong hem nomo. Family Mansil Koriman isubmit se kraon or baontri we orignal klaiman istap claimem hemi no stret ples blong hem. Oli submit se ino stret blong oli kam claimem kraon long Rentapau mo Teouma be ol apu blong olketa we oli stap long family tri blong olgeta oli berem olketa long narafala ples we oli stap aotside long claim, hemia hemi confirmem se family Mansil Koriman nao istret bladlaen blong high Jif mo tru kastom ona blong kraon we istap long claim. Oli submit se long claim book blong original claimant hemi talem se Jif hemi stap long kraon, hemi kaikai long hem, hemi lif long hem, hemi silip long hem mo oli berem hem long hem be from wanem nao hemi talem se Kalpoilep I oli berem hem long Erven, Kalmet mo Silas long Eratap smol island, Andrew long Eratap Vilij, hemia family Mansil Koriman isubmit se hemia iclear se wanem we istap long history blong Original Claimant mo ol narafala counter claiman oli no tru. Olgeta oli talem se grave blong apu blong olgeta Kaltapau istap long Rentapau Island. Olgeta oli stap talem se olgeta oli no claim folem naflak mo bladlaen be olgeta oli klaom folem birth right we ipassed from father to son. Olgeta oli se folem ol wokbaot blong olgeta fulap taem long ol ples we istap long claim map blong olgeta oli save pruvum nakamal, ples blong danis, village, mo tambu ples blong Koriman long Naursa or Rentapau Island. Olgeta isubmitim se olgeta oli save nem, blong ol pleses we oli claim long map blong olgeta kasem ples we original klaiman istoa long hem, olsem we istap long claim bifo long Island kot we olgeta oli save gud se baontri blong olgeta igo yet blong mekem baontri wetem Jif blong Emasin, mo Poloun olsem we istap long statement of klaim blong olgeta. Oli submitim se wetem olgeta evidences we oli soem long 2 days wokabaot hemi guarantem olgeta plante se olgeta nao istaret bladlaen blong high Jif mo owna blong graon we istap long klaim.

Oli submitim se follem claim blong Family Koriman long Eratap, olgeta istanap strong se baontri blong Teouma river kasem Rentapau river we Original Claimant hemi claimem hemi blong high Jif blong Rentapau we hemi Jif Koriman mo folem storian mo history mo family tri blong olgeta. Oli submit se fulap long olgeta parties oli klaim folem Naflak mo fulap ifolem Naflak mo Bladlaen.

Oli se Counter Claimant No 6 Kaltapau and decendants oli klaim folem Naflak mo Klan blong red yam (melo miel)

Counter Claimant No 8 Nase Kalmet Taleo oli klaim folem tugeta ia Naflak mo bladlaen.

Counter Claimant No 9, Kalmari hemi klaim folem Naflak, mo tu family tree blong olgeta oli just putum Koriman blong confusum kot. Ol man Eratap, Erakor, mo Eton oli sek bigwan blong harem from Kalmari nao hemi apu blong hem (Fatan Kalmari). Oli talem se olgeta long CC 9 ino gat sam long olgeta iusum ol nem blong pruvum se olgeta oli stil stap maintainem Koriman insaet long family blong olgeta. Hemi hemi pruvum se Kalmari hemi usum nem ia Koriman nomo blong klaim graon be oli no stret man Rentapau. Oli submitim se Kalmari we oli talem hemi no kam long Eworkow be hemi kam long Samoa.

Further oli submitim se long history book blong original claimen hemi statem iklia of nem blong of olfala rno place we oli originated longhem rno bambai olgeta to oli witnessim rno oli attachem diakram blong original claiman wetem submission blong olgeta ia, OR submit se sipos Jif Bakoa Andrew Kalpoilep hemi bigfala Jif long Eratap bifo hemi save life rno migration blong of olfala is rno hernia itru rno yumi no save deniem.

Oli submit se baontri we oli klaimem hemi ples we oli claiem long map blong original claiman. Oli talem se olgeta oli save se baontri blong Koriman hemi stap long river blong Rantepau kasem Teouma river mo oli se oli tok nomo mo claim folem we istap ifolem wanem we apu Koriman imekem wetem ol narafala smol smol Jif. Long map blong claim long olgeta oli kat ol nems blong ol plesis we oli stap claimem mo map long olgeta iattach wetem submission blong olgeta ia. Olgeta iclaim folem ol names we istap long statement blong olgeta. Jif Koriman hemi lukaotem wan eria mo hemi luk save ol smol smol Jif long area kolosap long Teouma river. Koriman hemi bin stap long Emtang olsem village blong hem mo ol pipol we oli stap wetem hem mo lukaot tu long tabu pleses blong hem long Naursa, folem solwota kasem Emetfat, mo ol narafala area daon long solwota mo ko kasem Poloun mo bakeken kasem Emasin mo kam daon folem river ikam kasem Naigot mo kasem Naursa bakeken.

Oli submit se ol pruv blong olgeta oli stap nomo olsom nakamal, grave, ples blong danis mo olfala vilij Emtang antap long hil. Grave blong Jif Koriman hemi stap long Naursa.

History blong land we Representative blong Family Kalmermer ipresentem:

Thomas Tau nao hemi presentem claim blong Family Kalmermer. Long presentation blong hem, Thomas Tau olsem spokes man hemi talem se long olgeta families blong olgeta mo wan grup of pipol we oli bin sitaon mo agree long olgeta history we icontain insaet long book of claim blong olgeta. Olgeta history ia hemi includim ol names blong ol Nakamal, mo baontri blong Kalmermer.

Long introduction, olgeta italem se Kalmermer family isoem 15 generations, and 5 igat gud evidence blong olgeta be 10 long olgeta narafala generations ia ino gat gud information abaot. Olgeta italem se Kalosireu Saikot nao istorian long olgeta storian ia bifo hemi ded long 1981.

Olgeta ifurther talem se Jif Etom mo Jif Namkon tufala idefendem baontri blong graon blong Eratap iko kasem baontri blong Eton mo Epau long middle area blong baontri blong trifala village ia, Eratap - Eton - Epau. Olgeta italem se tufala Jif ia Etom mo Namkon tufala ijampion warrior or faeta blong Eratap.

Olgeta ifurther talem se olgeta wanwan grup we oli pressentem claim blong olgeta long Island Court ia oli liv mo laef bifo mo tedi anda long authority mo graon blong Jif Kalmermer.

Long side blong Family tree olgeta isoem se generations blong olgeta istat long Jif Etom we hemi generation namba 1 kasem Jif Kalmermer we hemi generation 11. Respectively, ikat Jif Etom, Jif Namkon, Laklo, Namasuk, Saikot, Taurosur, Marso, Suru, Nako, Nak. Kalmermer, Kalorip, Kalmermer, mo Kalmer Mratau. Olgeta italem se Kalmer Mratau mo Liwit tufala ikat 9 pikikni everiwan, mo olgeta ia ikat wan long olgeta hemi Kalorip we hemi maretem Lilo. Kalorip mo Lilo tufala ikat 7 pikikni mo wan long olgeta nao hemi Manfei we hemi claimant long kes ia.

Long side blong baontri blong hem, hemi stat long Emlasei (Efatfot) mo hemi wan mak we missionary iwitnesim blong mekem peace between Eratap mo Erakor. Mak blong olgeta ikasem olgeta pleses ia; Elakrotilop - Elakmbakur - Elaknap - Eselduam - Tikor - Erapou - Rentapau River.

Olgeta itokabaot tu wan niu baontri agreement we Eratap mo Eton ibin mekem long 1979 we hemi Rentapau river blong makem baontri blong Kalmermer blong Eratap istap long side river ikam long Eratap mo Eton baontri istat long side river iko.

O1geta ikivim ol nems ia olsem ol nakamals blong Jif Kalmermer long bush area mo ikat Engmwelpat, Engmlasor, Erkau, mo Epkag. Long side blong Solwota ikat Enam, Erwedi we ikaframap ol areas is (Erentapau, Emetfat, Emetnaniu, Esale, Engmeltengi, Engmasing). Olgeta istap talem se wan hand written extract we Jif Kalosireu Saikot iraitem hemi confirmem sam nakamal mo nems blong pleses we klem blong Jif Kalmermer istap tokabaot.

Olgeta ifurther talem se Jif Kalmermer nao irisivim Jif Kalmet wetem wife blong hem Lalei long village blong Erfen long Eratap. Olgeta narafala family oli kamaot long bush from oli fraet long rivalry or faet bitwin tribes.

Olgeta italem se long land klem tudei Ji£ iwantem controlem fulap kraon from we hemi wantem salem. Oli mentionem se Kalmet family hemi salem plante graon finish.

Olgeta iwantern tekem bak ol graon blong olgeta we ion sale finish mo legally leasim blong guarantem tugeta parties concern long ol future developments.

Population long area blong Teouma Rentapau hemi kasem about 1000 hemia long 2003.

Jif Kalmermer hemi bilif se wanwan member blong wanwan grup we oli klem oli related long wan another through long patrilaenal mo matrilaenal system. Evrei wan oli stap anda long umprella rul mo authority blong Jif Kalmermer. Hemia oli talem se Jif Etom No 1 kasem Jif Nak No 10, folem family tree oli defendem mo protecktem both patrilaenal mo matrilaenal system mo oli maintainem se tugeta systems ia imas apply long society blong mekem pepol oli respecktem wanwan long olgeta mo oli liv long wan happy and joyous atmosphere. Olgeta iclaimem kastom onasip long Tepuma bay mo sand bij.

Olgeta iclaimem se olgeta plantations, inculdum VLD oli stap long ol graon blong Jif Kalmermer.

Long wan Extract we olgeta iattachem long claim blong olgeta abaot Rentapau, olgeta italem wan history olsem ia se bifo oli kolem Rentapau se Naingot. Jif blong Naingot hemi go long Karen mo digim wan yam mo tekem iko long haos mo Jif Kaltabao inemem yam ia se Topau. Taem Jif Kaltabao ided Jif Topu Liu, after long hem hemi Jif Topau Tol mo after long Topau Tol hemi Jif Topau Man (we hemi Kaltabao Koriman). Olgeta italem se wan missionary inemem Rentapau after long nem ia Nangot mo Jif Kaltabao Koriman.

Olfala Mansil emi blong Emasin be Kaltabao Koriman nao ipulum hem ikam daon long Rentapau mo givem gel blong hem Edhet long hem. Mansil hemi gat 2 narafala brata we nem blong tufala hemi Kai mo Kaltabao. Olgeta istap long Rentapau koko Kai iko long Eratap mo Mansil iko long Eton. Olgeta italem se Mansil igat olgeta pikikni ia we oli bon long Rentapau. Ikat Walter, Lili, Rota, Liser, Kalkau, mo Longae.

Further olgeta italem se vilij blong Emetfat, nem blong Enmelserek. Jif blong ples ai hemi Karimiel mo assistant Jif hemi Talimiel. Emlasor emi village blong Emetnaniu mo Jif hemi Kalson Narpou mo Jif blong Enmelbat hemi Masei.

Jif blong Eumerik we hemi KALRE emi stanap long saet blong Naflak Kram mo Nauwi, nao oli kolem EFATRAE mo ples we tufala wetem woman blong hem istanap long hem oli kolem Efatrae.

Olgeta italem se Mak ia ipas antap long NAISRABER iko kasem ERONG. Ikat sam narafala nems blong ol pleses we oli tokabaot we istap aotsaet long area blong klem.

Afta hemi mekem presentation blong hem hemi callem olgeta witnesses blong hem. Hemi callem 2 witnesses nomo, hemi Alban Nmaf mo Johnston Kalman.

Fes witnes, Alban Nmaf ibon long 1932, mo nao ia hemi gat samples 72 years old mo mama blong hem Anna we hemi gel blong Palupau. Long witnes statement blong hem, hem italem se ol samting we hemi talem oli true mo oli folem history blong family Kalmermer.

Long cross examination, witnes ia italem se Nmaf hemi bladlaen blong Kalmet. Hemi talem se Kalmermer istap long Eratap finish bifo Kalmet ikam. Hemi talem se grave blong Kalmermer istap long Eratap Island.

Second witnes hemi gat 44 years, hemi talem. se papa blong hem hemi Fredick Tau blong Pentecost mo mama blong hem hemi Annet Kalman, gel blong Jif Silas mo stret sister blong Andrew Kalpoilep. Hemi se hem hemi naflak mal mo family Kalmet. Witnes istap talem se siposi Efate Island Court imekem wan decision, hemi tink se bambai no gat disunity long village. Long cross examination, witnes ia hemi stap tok abaot family laen blong hem se igo fas wetem Original claimant. Witnes italem se hemi harem everi samting we apu Silas italem bifo Silas ided mo taem Silas ided witnes hemi gat 4 years nomo mo faulap long ol storian ino stap long written statement blong hem mo hemi claim se grand mother blong hem nao italem long hem. Witnes hemi talem se igat wan tabu stone long Erfen we Lalie ibin sitaon long hem rno mekem magic blong orderem se gospel imas kasem Eratap. After witnes namba wan italem se grave blong Kalmermer istap long Eratap Island witnes ia hemi talem se Kalmermer grave blong hem istap long Erfen. Hemi talem se papa blong Kalmet hemi Tokomet Laklokai. Hemi se hemi no save from wanem Kalmermer hemi no bin assistant Jif blong Jif Silas.

Witnes ia hemi tok abaot fulap samting we oli no relate nating long kes we istap long dispute. Hemi admitim se hemi stap long family tree blong Kalmet be ino blong Kalmermer. Hemi talem se itrue we olgeta iklaim folem Naflak. Hemi talem long kot se ol family nomo ol disaed se hemi kam Jif, mo taem ikam Jif hemi Kalmatak Kalmermer.

Long submissions blong olgeta, Family Kalmermer oli talem se after we kot iharem everi toktok we ikam aot long ol different parties we oli kam long Eratap, Pango, Erakor mo Ifira abaot ples ia Teouma Rentapau Land Original Claimant oli claim se Kalpoilep I, olsem we Original Claimant iputum long kot ibin rul long wan era, mo after long taem blong hem ipassem title ia Kalpoilep iko long son blong hem we hemi Kalmet Kalpoilep II mo passed on to Silas Kalpoilep III, ko further iko long Andrew Kalpoilep IV mo kasem Bakoa Andrew Kalpoilep V. Olgeta Jifs ia oli gat olgeta periods blong olgeta we oli rul long hem.

Counter Klaiman 4 hemi submit se Kalmermer noa hemi tru hae Jif blong Eratap we hemi exist istap long Family laen mo mekem nao oli kam klaim blong defendem graon blong olgeta.

Olgeta italem se;

oli neva save se igat paramount Jif mo nem ia Kalpoilep bifo 1980. Oli neva save se papa blong Kalmet hemi Kalpoilep. Oli talem se bifo ol man Eratap oli neva tok abaot se igat wan Kalpoilep. Oli se Jif Silas ineva tok abaot Kalpoilep, therefore hemi wan kiaman nem nomo. Witness Johnson Kalman hemi se Jif Silas Laklokai italem long apu Kalsrap Nmaf se apu blong hem hemi Tokomet Laklkai, mo oli talem se toktok ia hemi undisputed long kes ia makem se hem nao hemi tru papa blong Kalmet mo apu blong Silas. Oli deniem se grave blong Kalpoilep I istap long Erfen be blong Kalmermer nomo istap long Erfen.

Long side blong gifts or nasawtonga, olgeta oli sapraes blong harem mo luk wan exercise we ineva happened long taem blong Jif Silas. Oli talem se gifts hemi stap nomo long heart blong man be ino stap ling stampa blong kokonas, stone, solwota or fanis blong buluk. Oli talem se gift ia nao hemi rod blong toktok mo hemi holem yumi wan ples. Olgeta oli claim se Kastom blong Eratap istap yet tedi mo wanem OC istap talem ino kat, or isoem klia se Kalmet olgeta oli no blong Teouma Rentapau eria from oli tok abaot wan system we ino stap long Eratap.

Olgeta italem se Bakoa Anderw hemi misleadim fulap man mo instution therefore oli askem kot blong sakem aot ol informations we hemi givim. Kalmermer italem se Jif Etom mo Jif Namkon nao tufala ifait blong defendem baontri betwin Eton, Epau mo Eratap. Ogeta italem se Kalmetlau hemi wan stret laen blong tufala faeta ia. Olgeta italem se Kalmermer nao hemi tru kastom Jif blong Eratap mo hemi advisem young man Kalmet mo woman blong hem Lalie blong muv iko long Eratap Island. Kalmermer itokbaot area blong claim blong hem mo mentionem sam area we istap aotside long area blong claim blong OC mo iron igo pass long Efatrae we igat tufala stone long river, krosem iko long stampa blong hill. long Ntanmiel mo folem stampa blong hill kam pass long Nae Ebok (spring wota long haos blong Robert Born) rno folem hill Emelpat mo kasem woman blong stone long hill mo crosem iko long woman stone Enmlemasei. (stone hemi representern Jif Masei blong Emelpat mo Masei hemi minim mak blong Jif Masei). Olgeta iklaim onasip long area long taem blong darkness kasem tudei. Olgeta iclaim se Etom village nao warrior Kalontan ikilim preacher Timteon long hem. Oli talem se Kalmermer nao hemi laswan Jif blong Eratap long taem blong darkness mo hem nao ibin jusum Kalmet we hemi wan odeneri man blong tek ova long hem small taem kasem taem ol pikikni blong hem oli big wan mo karem bak title. Kalmet oli jusum hem nomo be oli no electem hem mo oli talem se hemia missionary itok abaot long Live book 5 page 28, paragraph 5. Kalmet hemi makem wok long nem blong Kalmermer nomo mo title ia hemi property blong Kalmermer.

Olgeta italem se Kalmermer hemi Josen Kristian Jif nomo mo taem hemi yang hemi bin stap liv wetem Jif Kaltapau Koriman blong Rentapau area mo Kaltapau nao hemi main Jif blong Rentapau we ikaframap Erontpao, Enmelserek, Emetnaniu. Oli talem se Long Enmelserek, nakamal blong hem hemi Emelpat, mo igat four doors. Olgeta imentionem wan memorial stone we istap long Etom mo oli claim se hemi anda long ruling blong Jif Kalmermer we long everi 1^st May, long evri yia olgeta imakem ded blong Timteon long ples ples ia. Olgeta imentionem se Lilngai nao oli kivim hem iko long Erakor blong jenisim laef blong tija Timteon we oli kilim hem long Etom. Olgeata italem se Nmaf Kalmet mo wife blong hem Lalia tufala irisivim bak hem after we oli harem se ikam bak long Australia mo kam stap long Erakor wetem Tenene, hemi maret mo Kalmermer ikivim graon long hem.

Olgeta italem se Silas ikarem bak position blong Jif long papa blong hem afta we ibin stap go skul long Theological Training Institute long Santo mo pruvum hem long wok blong village mo Jyoj.

Olgeta italem se Silas hemi gat olgeta pikikni ia, Leimas, Andrew mo Kalman we hemi apu blong Thomas (spokesman) mo John (witnes). Oli talem se Kalorib Kalmermer hemi bin kam assistant Jif blong Jif Silas afta we Kalpong hemi bin ded. Olgeta italem tu we Andrew ineva lukaot papa blong hem Silas kasem taem we iolfala nogud mo transferem will blong hem mo transferem kastom raet blong property blong hem iko long gel blong hem Leimas Kaltakel, Andrew mo Annette Kalman mo son blong hem Johnstone Kalman. Dispute blong Jif istat long sem dei we Jif Silas ided, mo fes man we idisputum hemi Ps. Kalosin Kalpong Pikikni blong Meriam Kalmet. Olgeta italem se Andrew Kalpoilep IV hemi self claimed Jif blong Eratap. Olgeta itok abaot sam graon we Bakoa Andrew isharem among ol Naflak blong Eratap. Further olgeta italem se wanwan grup we oli claim oli related through Patrilaenal mo Matrilaenlal system mo system ia hemi representem Nametraw mo Naflak. Oli talem se Naflak nao hemi identifiem yu olsem wan land ona, bladlaen blong wan nakamal.

Oli talem se Rentapau land baontri hemi bitwin Eton mo Eratap hemi from wan graon we pat istap long Epuen mo pat istap long Emetnaniu mo ol kastom ona oli Naflak Mal mo kastom i stap long river, Olgeta italem se ibin gat custom blong makem ceremony ia bitwin ol Naflak Mal mo sam leader blong komunity mo Kafman. Olgeta itok abaot wan storian blong wan man wetem woman blong hem we wota ironem tufala mo man iholem taet than blong woman blong signifiem se woman mo man tufala tugeta ionem graon be ino man nomo. Hemia ihapen long Eumerik we baontri mak blong Kalmermer istap long ples ia oli kolem Efatrae.

Tudei Kalmermer iklemem bak pat graon we Kalmet isalem mo pat hemi narasaet rod Emlelimat mo kasem Efatrae mo folem saet hill long east side, pasem Ebok spring wota mo folem saet iko daon long Emlemasei long solwota.

Olgeta itok about wan Jifly dispute bitwin olgeta mo Bakoa Andrew Kalpolep we oli aotlaenm sam points we isoem se oli no agree long process blong kes ia we Vaturisu irealisem se Kalpoilep hemi paramount Jif blong Eratap.

Olgeta italem se Jif hemi lida blong wan grup of pipol we ionem graon be hemi no lida blong graon. Olgeta iclaim se kastom raet blong olgeta Kalmermer olsem Naflak Naowi Natongrou we nakamal blong olgeta istap long Eratap tedi, oli bilifse olgeta nao oli kastom ona olsem we constitution italem. Oli talem fulap ol issues we ino relate nating long kes ia we isave halpem kot blong determinem onasip long area we istap long claim. Interest long ol developments long ol area ia we istap long dispute oli tok abaot plante we ino save halpem kot. Oli tok abaot paoa rno atoriti blong Kalmermer olsem wan kastom Jif we igat stone blong staon long hem mo ol narafala Jif oli odeinem hem olsem we kastom blong Efate irecognisem mo blong Kalmermer istap long Etom. Olgeta italem se movement blong tufala ia, Kalmet mo Kalmermer isoem klia se tufal imas be family, mo Kalmermer isave se Kalmet hemi Naflak blong hem mo oli talem tu se Kalmet hemi boy blong sister blong Jif Kalmermer. (be hemi no establishim long kot thru long history mo family tri, biong family Kalmermer) Long history blong Renteoau, Koriman nao hemi las Jif blong ples ia. Olgeta italem se claimant No 2 we hemi Family Koriman, No 6 we hemi Family Kaltbao Koriman oli klaim raet tru long adoption blong Apu Kai. Oli talem se Klaimant No 7 we hemi Kaltapau Karr hemi stret brata blong Kai mo Mansil. Oli tok abaot hao we olgeta mo ol naflak Mal long Eton oli family tru long tufala olfala ia Mansil Koriman mo Kaltapau Koriman we oli signem wan niu agreement blong Baontri long 1979. Afta long olgeta toktok ia antap olgeta iaskem kot blong; givim Kastom raet blong graon blong olgeta long part land area oli stap claim from. Askem long Original Claimant ino mo holem Jif long Eratap. Nomo claimem Jifly title. Jif Title imas ko bak long Jif Kalmermer.

Long side blong Counter Claimant No 1, olgeta italem se CC No 1 istap clamem graon insaet long area blong Kalmermer mo olgeta ijalengem olgeta long ol points ia;

Kalmermer hemi save se Jif blong Eumrik hemi Kalre, apu blong Kalwatong. Jif blong Emelpat hemi Kalmasei. Kalmermer mo Kalwatong tufala ineighbour. Kalpong hemi Naflak blong Pango mo hemi o blong Emelpat. Kalmermer hemi family wetem Jif Kalmasei blong Emelpat.

Long side blong Counter Claimant No 2, olgeta italem se Jif Koriman hemi Jif blong olgeta long Rentapau, mo village blong hem istap long Emtang mo nakamal istap long Naursa long stamba blong oak tree. Baontri blong olgeta ipas long Emetfat, mo ko straight kasem Poloun, ples we kastom land mak blong Jif Koriman mo Palupau family mo Metoukes blong Emasin oli mit long hem, mo folem river kasem Naursa bakeken. Kalmermer oli bilif se Koriman hemi; last Jif blong Rentapau afta laet ikam. Koriman ilukaot Kalmet. Family leen blong Koriman istap long Eton, Epau mo Erakor. Jif Koriman itekem Mansil, Kai mo Kaltapau Karr ikam long Enmasin. Mansil iko long Eton, Kai iko long Eratap mo Kaltapau iko long Ifira.

Taem Koriman ikam long Eratap, Kalmermer istap finish. Kalmermer isubmit se oli agree wetem baodri blong Jif Koriman mo Kalwatong. Long lukluk blong Kalmermer; Kalwatong hemi blong Emrik, be daon hemi blong Kalmermer. Kalwatong hemi muv from river ironem olgeta. Taem Kalwatong ikam long Eratap Island, Kalmermer istap finish. Kalwatong hemi givim Rausil long Silas. Taem Kalwatong ikam long Emelpat, Jif Kalmasei istap finish.

Long side blong Counter Claimant No 6, Kalmermer isave se olgeta oli kam long Erakor village. Olgeta oli claim sem apu nomo wetem Koriman blong Eratap. Kalmermer isave se Rentapau hemi blong Kaltapau Koriman from we Kalmermer istap finish bifo olgeta oli kam mo talem se ikat wan Koriman nomo long Rentapau.

Long side blong Counter Claimant No 7, Kalmermer ibilif se olgeta or Kaltapau Karr emi brata blong Mansil mo Kai mo lgeta oli kam long Emasin. Claim blong olgeta long side blong baontri isem mak nomo wetem CC 2 mo CC 6. olgeta oli kam long Eruedi mo Rentapau area.

Long side blong CC No 8, Marik Kazu Naoper Kalmer, Kalmermer ineva harem ol storian blong olgeta. Kalmermer isave se ikat sam pipol oli muv aot long Erkao mo ko long East mo no save siposi CC No 8 hemi wan long olgeta tribes ia.

Long side blong CC 9, olgeta iklaim sem mak long OC mo oli talem se oli stap long Erkao finish bifo Kalpoilep ikam, ma olgeta nao oli lukaot hem.

History blong land we Representative blong Family Kalwatong ipresentem:

Andre Kalwatong hemi present long behalf blong family Kalwatong. Long presentation blong hem hemi talem se bifo apu blong hem Kalwatong hemi wan nmao (giant) we iliv long Teouma. Nem blong Nakamal blong hem hemi EUMRIK. Hemi stap long Nakamal blong hem gogo wan wota ironem olgeta mo storian blong hem igo olsem. Olfala woman igo long Karen blong tikim yam long wan afternoon. Taem istap tikim yam ya tudak istap kam mo igat sam evil spirit oli stap kiaman long hem blong hemi brokem yam ia. Evil spirit oli stap wesil mo oli stap brokem wud blong mekem hemi fraet be hemi strong nomo istap tikim yam ia koko iwinim yam ia ipulum aot long home blong hem. Mo taem hemi pulum yam ia wota ispring aot long hole ia. Wota ikam bigwan mo ironem aot olgeta. Nao ikavaremap olfala woman ikam stone. Nem blong hem Ntulep Tikor. Wota ia ikarem samfala man mo woman iko daon long maot blong riva mo oli kam ston. Apu Kalwatong from we inmao (giant) mo istong ironwe iko long wan plea nem blong hem Tutufut. Hemi aot long Tutufut iko long Emlasor we inamba 2 nakamal blong hem, Hemi stap long Emlasor iko long Emelbat. Hemi stap long Emelbat hemi namba 3 nakamal blong hem, we ikat wan aok tree istap long hem kasem tedei. Hemi stap long Emelbat wetem wife blong hem Liten. Long taem ia kospel ibin kam finis mekem tufala iaot long Emelbat ikam daon long solwota long vilij blong Etom. Tufala istap long Etom iko cros long Eratap smol island. Missionary isendem tufala wetem gospel iko bak long wan ples nem blong hem Elaklolimal we church istap long hem, hemia blong prijim gospel. Ibin kat wan pikinini gel we papa mo mama blong hem tufala ino wantem hem from se hemi kat ol scabbies so tufala igivim long Apu Kalwatong mo tufala ikarem hem ikam long Eratap smol island. Nem blong smol gel ia Ati Rausil. Taem we scabis ifinis hemi kam bigwan. Nao Apu Kalmet ikam askem Rausil long Apu Kalwatong blong ikam woman blong Silas we iboy blong hem. Ansa blong Apu Kalwatong hemi talem se: Ikud iolraet nomo from tufala ikam long wan ples nomo long Epau. Afta apu Kalwatong iliv long smol island gogo tufala igat tu pikinini fes wan hemi boe mo nem blong hem Kaltatak mo gel nem blong hem Touves. Apu ikam olfala mo ided nao oli go hidem hem lon wan smol island nem blong hem Emal. Risen from we hemi nmao oli frait long bone blong hem from oli save usum blong kilim man long sael long kastom.

Bifo hemi singaotem ol witnesses blong hem hemi explainem map blong hem mo tu hemi go through family tree blong hem.

Hemi kat 2 witnesses nomo, hemia Morten Mansen mo Dick Lauto. Fas witness hemi talem se hemi bladlaen blong Kalwatong long saed long woman. Papa blong hem iblong Ambrym mo mama blong hem ipikinini blong Kaltatak we hemi boe blong Kalwatong. Long cross-examination witness hemi se Kalre hemi chief blong Kalwatong. Taem hemi go long Emlasor rno Emlpat ino bin kat man yet taem apu blong hem ikam. Hemi confirm long evidence se hemi famly wetem spokesman blong CC.6 rno taem spokes man blong cc.6 iaskem sipos iting se oli shod klem togeta hemi se yes from oli wan nomo. Hemi talem long evidence blong hem se nmao hemi police blong Jif. Hemi se nmao hemi save claim land too.

Witness No.2 hemi testify long saed long witness statement blong Fred Kilo we hemi replesem olfala Lauto we hemi 70yrs old.

Long cross-examination witness hemi talem se Kalrep hemi Jif mo Kalwatong hemi police blong hem. Tufala ibin liv long wan village so might tufala iwan famili. Hemi testify se taem riva iron Kalwatong nomo ilaef. Taem Original Claimant iaskem hem wanem wota ironem hem hemi se hot mo col wota ironem ol man. Nem blong woman we idiekm yam ia hemi Tikor we hemi minim stopem wota. Witness ino save who ia Rausil. Hemi talem long kot se hemi no save papa blong Kalwatong be hemi talem se Kalwatong hemi wan Jif under long Jif Kalre. Hem answer long question blong cc6 about relationship, hemi se oli family nomo mo oli shud kam together. Hemi talem se ol samting we hemi talem long kot oli tru story.

Long submission blong Family Kalwatong, olgeta oli talem se oli no glad long spokes man blong OC mo CC No 9 we tufala ibin usum toktok ia ferry-telling o kiaman story long statement blong olgeta. Olgeta italem se statement blong Kalwatong hemi sot be hemi true wetem olgeta evidence we itok abaot nem blong ol pleses long Claim map mo ol factors we oli stap ikat Ntulep Tikor we hemi woman we istap digim yam, mo wota ikam aot mo mekem hem ikam stone mo sam long olgeta wota ikarem olgeta oli kam stone oli stap long Epirsef.

Long side blong Original Claimant, olgeta oli submit se itrue long storian blong witness Samuel Kalmet se hemi true bladlaen blong Kalmet. Olgeta ifurther talem se Erfen hemi no stret nakamal blong Kalmet be Kalmet hemi kam long Eworkaw long Epau. Olgeta oli talem. se Kalpoilep hemi bi. ran wei ikam nomo long Erkau mo liv under long Jif Koriman.

Olgeta. ifurther talem se Jif Kalmet hemi bin kam Jif tru long ordination mo authority blong Jif Kalmermer blong Erfen mo missionary. Olgeta oli talem se oli no stap electem Jif oli inheritem Jif folem bladlaen. Olgeta italem se Jif ino blong salem graon mo hemi mas be wan humble man we hemi mas maintainem pis mo unity mo justice long wan community. Olgeta ifurther talem se Jif ol taem emi mas be slave blong community be ino blong rich long resource blong ol narafala pipol. Long view blong olgeta igat fulap nakamal between tufala river mo graon iblong ol man mo ol paramount jif nomo.

Olgeta italem tu se Kalpoilep hemi wan nem nomo be ino wan Jifly nem. Olgeta oli talem se Andrew, Silas, mo Kalmet oli no usum Kalpoilep.

Oli talem se Kal hemi minim man, Poi hemi minim lider mo Lep hemi minim bigfala. Oli submit se wanem family Kalpong wetem family Koriman oli talem long kot oli no tru.

Olgeta italem se Kalosin Kalpong hemi wan pastor olsem papa blong hem we hemi wan preacher.

Olgeta italem se hemi nologic blong wan baontri ikrosem wan river mo oli se oli no sua siposi Kalpong hemi wan Jif from ino kat wan long olgeta iJif representative blong olgeta tedi.

Long Family Koriman we hemi CC No 2, olgeta italem so Koriman hemi bin karem gospel iko long wan ples long Rentapau oli callem Elaknonimal. Olgeta italem se Kalwatong mo Koriman iputum baontri mak blong tufala long Emelpat. CC No 5 istap submit se Koriman oli stap konfusum kot taem oli talem long statement se baontri ifinish long Emetnaniu be long; toktok oli talem se Finnish long Emetfat. Olgeta italem se yes itrue kastom mak blong Teouma mo Rentapau istap long Emetfat. Long side blong Family Kalmermer we hemi CC No 4, CC No 5 istap agree se yes itrue long understanding blong olgeta se Kalmermer hemi bin once Jif blong Eratap mo nakamal blong hemi istap long Erfen mo hemi bin handem Jifly title ia iko long Kalmet mo hemi never bin usum nem ia Kalpoilep be Bakoa nomo iusum.

Olgeta iklaim se Kalmet hemi blong Emeltar long Epau. CC No 5 tu hemi pointem se hemi blong Emeltar long Epau. Olgeta italem se long Eratap tudei olgeta ikolem hem se hemi wan missionary Jif. Ogeta iklaim se Kalpong mo Kalmet ino kat raet long kraon be tufala isalem mekem nao ikat rao.

Olgeta ipointem aot se CC No 4 mo ol witness blong hem oli agree se Kalwatong hemi kam long Eumrik. Olgeta narafala samting we pruvum ikat nakamal blong olgeta we oli talem Ntulep Tikor, Emetnaiftin, Efatrae, oli ol samting we oli stap long Eumrik, Olgeta oli talem se oli sapraes se Kalmermer hemi confirmem finish long Kot after hemi kam blong claimem nakamal mo baontri blong Kalwatong. Oli se long comparison, Erfen hemi long wei tumas long side blong distance long Eumrik.

Long side blong Family Kalonikara, CC No 5 oli agree se Kalonikara oli kam long Rentapau. Oli submitim se map blong CC No 7 istat long Efatrae mo iko antap long Naitukot mo kros iko long river mo folem river ikam daon mo folem solwota kam kasem Emetfat bakaken.

Lang Family Kaltapau mo Decendants, olgeta irecognisem olgeta se oli kam long Rentapau.

Long Counter Claimant No 8 we hemi Marik Kasu Naoper Kalmer, olgeta oli talem se kasu hemi kam long Eworkaw be bigfala Jif blong Rentapau hemi Koriman. Olgeta isugest se CC No 8 hemi sud wok wan ples wetem CC 2, CC 6 mo CC 7.

Long last party olgeta oli mentionem se Kalmari hemi kam long Bufa. Olgeta oli submt se Kalmari hemi stap kiaman long Kot mo confusum kot mo hemi clem from interest blong money.

Long ol witness blong olgeta, Alfred Lauto hemi testify mo talem se Kalwatong nao hemi tru kastom ona blong Teouma area, mo oli klaim se everi man Erakor mo Eratap oli save long hemia.

Oli talem se long family tree, Kalwatong hemi maretem Liten mo tufala ikat Kaltatak we istap long Eratap mo Toufes we imaret iko long Erakor. Witness ia hemi talem se Kalmet hemi blong Epau long wan area oli kolem Emeltar, Kalmermer hemi blong Pango be hemi gat raet long Erfen. Olgeta family olsem Koriman, Kara, mo Kaltapau oli kam long Rentapau.

Olgeta iputum olgeta samting ia olsem proof blong kes blong olgeta;

- full klaim blong Kalwatong hemi Emetfat iko kasem Erapo.

- Kastom nem blong Teouma hemi Eum we iminim wota, mo hemi kamaot long Eumrik.

- Long Eum ikat fulap wota olsem Teouma River, Epok river, Emaw-Tfer, Emaw-Tul lake mo Naiseflau we istap be oli no putum long statement blong olgeta.

- Folem statement blong Eumrik emi destroy long taem ia, be wetem strong bilif se Ntulep Tikor hemi stanap long medel blong river mo ston istap tedi blong holem taet intergrety blong hem mo nakamal blong hem blong kam wan tru identification blong future generations blong Family Kalwatong.

- Long Nakamal sites, Eumrik igud long settlement from hemi stap klosap long wota.

- Long Emlasor, istap behaen long hill from protecksen blong wota, igat bamboo we man iusum blong cook mo kasem wota. Hemi stap long mak baontri wetem Rentapau mo oli save komunicate wetem pipol blong Rentapau especially Elaklonimal. Long Emelpat, istap long hill we man isave stap mo moniterem movement blong wota. lkat tu wan oak tree we istap kasem tudei we imakem namba tri nakamal blong Kalwatong from oak tree hemi save stap long taem. Oli se samtaem long 1986 olgeta oli klaim ples ia we oak tree istap long hem long wan village kot.

- Emaw Tfer hemi wan lake blong ol wild duck. Taem lake ifulap long ol bigfala rain wota istap ran aot olbaot mo stop ko daon long bigfala river blong Teouma.

- Emaw Tul hemi wan narafala lake blong ol frog, mo tul hemi minim muvmuv.

- Fatkot hemi wan road we ikrosem river, mo hemi ol stone we oli heapim ap long river.

- Emetnaiftin hemi wan hot wota we oli usum blong kukum kakae mo swim long kokol taem.

- Eumrik hemi nakamal blong Kalwatong mo hemi wan small river.

- Eprisef hemi ol man we oli ded mo oli kam stone oli stap long mout blong river.

- Enarpou- Pou hemi minim lying mo Nar hemi minim oak tree.

- Esale - Sal hemi minim drift or foat. Hemi wan pasis we ocean current ipass klosap long hem.

- Emetnaniu hemi ples we ol fes kokonas oli kru long hem.

- Emelmasei hemi grave blong Apu Kalmasei ol man Eumrik oli kilim hem.

- Emetfat - Fat hemi minim strong or stone. Oli se stone ia nao hemi bigfala baontri blong Teouma mo Rentapau mo hemi wan mak we man ino save jenisim.

- Efatre hemi ples we igat 2 stone istap long hem. Fat hemi minim stone mo Re hemi nem blong Jif Kalre. Tufala stone ia hemi Jif Kalre mo Small boy blong hem.

Further long submission, ol se ol narafala family oli kam taem ol olfala blong olgeta oli slap long small island finish. Olgeta ia Family Kalter ikam long Emasin, Kai mo Koriman tufala ikam long Rentapau, Kalwatong ikam long Eumrik, Kalpong ikam long Pango, Family Gerei ikam long Buffa, mo Family Iona mo Tangraro ikam long Erakor.

Long Submission blong olgeta oli talem se onli man we isurvuve long incident blong wota hemi Nmao blong Eumrik we hemi Kalwatong mo olgeta oli family blong hem. Oli talem se Kalmermer oli stilim history blong olgeta mo oli usum. Olgeta italem se Kalmermer hemi blong Erfen mo hemi no kat raet blong klemem sand bij blong Teouma Bay from hemia Eumrik nao hemi producum.

Olgeta oli wantem talem se Kalmet hemi no save usum deed of sale blong klemem graon from Kalmet hemi wan run away or escape man blong hemi stap laef after we hemi mekem bigfala problem blong village blong hem long Emeltar long Epau. Hemi bin kam stap long Rentapau mo further kam stap long Erfen mo kam stap long Eratap. Olgeta italem se Kalmermer nomo igivim Jif title long Silas be wetem wan agreement blong nem imas ko bak long Kalmermer wan dei. Oli submit se Kalpoilep Bakoa nomo iusum be ol narafala oli no bin usum.

Olgeta oli submitim tu se nem is Eworkaw, Fatukot oli stap long rong pled long claim map blong Original Claimant. Olgeta italem se Eworkaw hemi wan nem blong Epau be Erkau nao hemi nem blong stret nakamal blong ples ia.

Olgeta isubmit tu se Family Kalpong hemi no save usum deed of sale ia blong claimem graon from long 1986, long wan village kot olgeta oli no klaim ples ia mo hemia hemi kat proof blong hem long annexture 30/d blong Original Claimant.

Olgeta isubmit tu se oli ting se Kalpong we isalem graon hemi no sem Kalpong we oli klaimem from oli talem se hemi stap blong defendem graon be ino blong salem.

Olgeta ifurther talem se Kalpong hemi bin salem graon long Kalwatong. Oli talem se Ellukpar mo Etfer hemi nem blong tufala mak antap long river we imakem baontri blong olgeta.

History blong land we Representative blong Family John Kaltapau ipresentem.

Mr. Timteo Kalmet hemi presentem case blong counter claimant namba 6. Long presentasen blong hem hemi talem se folem ded blong late Kaltapau Kaltaf mo Tutu Wanemut we tufala ibin representem families blong Jif Kaltapau mo families blong hem, families ibin gat miting recently mo wantem se bambae olgeta iamendem Statement of Claim blong olgeta olsemia:

• Despite fulap storian we ibin stap long faswan statement of claim mifala ol families blong bikfala Jif Kaltapau blong Rentapau bambae irely plante long ol factual elements olsem Deed of Sales mo Genealogy records blong mifala wetem storian blong muvmen blong olgeta bitwin Rentapau mo Erakor.
  
• Folem interest we ol decendants blong Jif Kaltapau blong Rentabao we istap long Erakor ibin gat long Rentabao, olfala blong olgeta oli bin stap go bak blong visitim ples blong olgeta long early 1960's taem we Apu Kalsal hemi startem wokbaot blong hem iko bak long Rentapau. Kalsal hemi son blong Kaluat we ison blong Kaltapau.
  
• Long early 1960's ia Apu Kalsal hemi mekem ol families ikam tugeta bakegen mo mekem Association mo bisnes blong olgeta we oli kolem NTUAM SOL (sot form blong NSK). Hemi se hemia blong tekem ol family iko bak long ples blong olgeta.
  
• Ol families ia ibin stanemap business blong olgeta we igat wan cooperative long Erakor we nem blong hem NSK Cooperative LTD we SCAF (Franis cooperative department) ibin help plante blong sit emap, mo Vanuatu Cooperative Society hemi bin tekova SCAF blong lukaotem running blong NSK Cooperative.
  
• NSK Association ibin kat wan livestock mo ccocoa plantation mo bisnis blong pem copra long Eton mo Erakor wetem wan agricultural project we evriwan oli operete under SOCIETE D'EXPLOITATION AGRICOLE NTUAM SOOK.
  
• Folem storian blong ol olfala we ikam long Rentapau, NTUAM SOOK hemi wan devel we istap kakai man long medel blong Efate long eria blong Rentapau mo ol ples kolosap long hem.
  
• Ntuam SOOK hemi bin go ded bitwin Epau mo PANGPANG vilij taem we wan yang boe ikilim hem. Nem blong boe ia hemi SERENIU.
  
• Long Rentabao area we istret ples blong Jif Kaltapau, NSK ibin mekem farm blong hem, mo long early 1970's plante yangfala blong Erakor we idescendants blong Jif Kaltapau oli bin go stap wok long ol difdifren ples insaed ples we apu Kaltapau ibin salem long 1882. Herni shoem long kot picture blong wan big truck (land-cruser we nem NSK istap long hem). Samfala oli bin go stap long ELAK NAKMOURAE, mo samfala oli bin stap longErueti mo samfala ibin stationed long Elak Atamiel, Rentapau city.
  
• Ol families mo decendants blong Jif Kaltapau blong Rentabao iluk save se Jif Andrew Kalpoilep we ioriginal claimant long kes ia hemi stap claim bigfala ples tumas we itagem area blong Kaltapau mo oli luk save se hemi shud klemem nomo 10,000 ha we hemi Eratap erea.
  
• Ol families mo decendants blong Jif Kaltapau blong Rentabau iluk save se ibin kat abaot 3 Deed of Sales we ikam aot long 1882, we ikavremap area we istap long Kot tedei, mo ol olfala we ibin salem ol ples ia oli: 1- Jif Kalmet blong Eratap (10,00 ha) 2. Jif Kalpong blong Emelpat (12,000 ha) mo Jif Kaltapau blong Rentabau (10,000 ha). Ol decendants blong Jif Kaltapau blong Rentabao bae irespectem ol wanwan area ia mo oli no wantem klemem area blong Jif Kalmet blong Eratap wetem area blong Jif Kalpong blong Emepat.
  
• Ol decendants blong Jif Kaltpau blong Rentabao iluksave se Jif Andrew Kalpoilep hemi entitle nomo blong klemem 10,000 ha blong hem we istap long Deed of Sales blong hem blong 28 October 1882 be hemi no gat raet blong klemem area we iblong Jif Kalpong we hemi 12,000 ha we istap long Deed of Sales blong 28 October 1882 mo area we iblong Kaltapau we hemi 10,000 ha we istap long Deed of Sales blong 29 October 1882. Ol descendants blong Jif Kaltapau iluk save tu se Jif Kaltapau hemi son blong Jif Faleapong wetem waef blong hem Toupong, mo area blong hem insaed long case ia hemi stap insaed long map we oli producem.
  

After hemi finis presentem kes blong family Kaltapau hemi calem only wan witness blong hem Kennedy Kaltapau.

Long witness statement blong hem, witness hemi talem se hem hemi wan decendant blong Jif Kaltapau blong Rentapau mo talem se hemi agree long amended statement of claim blong Counter claimant no 6. Long examination in chief, witness hemi talem se graon we Kaltapau isalem hemi stat long Emelpat mo hemia hemi referem kot iko long annex KK1 we hemi wan deed of sale blong provum sale ia. Witness italem se olgeta isharem baontri wetem Kalpong long side ikam long Teouma river. Witness hemi talem se ol olfala oli bin go stap wok long graon long Rentapau from ikat laef stock blong ol family long hem. Hemi talem se hemi neva lukim any family we istap long kot tedei long Rentapau taem oli stap ko. Witness ia hemi talem tu se Kaltapau oli berem hem long small Eruedi. Hemi talem long kot se wan picture blong truck we istap long claim blong olgeta hemi wan truck we istap tekem olgeta iko long Elak Nakmourae. Witness ia hemi stap deniem se hemi gat family long Eratap mo Ifira. Witness ia hemi stap klaim folem bladlaen.

Long cross-examination, witness ia hemi stap talem se Eruedi, NSK, Elak Nakmourae oli stap long narasaet river iko. Hemi talem se ol olfala blong olgeta oli neva wok long saet ikam mo hemi no save from wanem. Witness italem se Kaltapau hemi salem graon ia long Ship mo mekem from graon hemi blong hem mo from Kalmet isalem blong hem. Witness ia italem se Kaltapau we isalem graon hemi no save woman blong hem. Witness ia iagri se Kaltapau we woman blong hem Toutek nao hemi silip long Eruedi. Witness, ise taem Kaltapau isalem graon hemi save se Emelpat hemi blong Kalpong. Hemi talem se Kaltapau hemi Kaltapau Koriman be hemi deniem se hemi sem Koriman we CC2 iclaimem. Witness italem se 10,000 hectares long deed of sale blong Kalmet hemi stap long side river ikam long Eratap. Hemi talem se Jif blong olgeta istat long Kaltapau mo papa blong hem Faleapong nao ikivim paramount Jif nem ia Kaltapau long hem. Hemi se hemi no save sipos se Kaltapau we iko long Ifira nao olgeta oli claimem. Witness hemi further talem se Lisaniep hemi pat blong Elak Nakmourae mo map blong olgeta hemi wan kastom baontri. Hemi se oli berem Kaltapau long Eruedi from se hemi blong long wei mo to hemi ron wei long Gospel. Hemi talem se Kaltapau hemi Jif blong Eruedi mo hemi Jif ova long Erkao. Hemi talem tu se Koriman hemi nem blong wan paramount Jif. Witness italem se ikat two narafaka nab nomo ijif from oli ded mo ino kat man wetem olgeta. Hemi taelem long re-examination we wife blong Kaltapau hemi Toukor. Hemi se istap ko klinim grave blong Kaltapau long Eruedi since 1970. Witness italem long kot se Kaltapau hemi paramount Jif while long deed of sale oli statem se hemi Jif of tribe. Hemi confirm long kot se most long kaim area we hemi claimem hemi stap narasaet river.

Family John Kaltapau mo Descendants oli Sumbit se:

1. Deeds of Sales blong 28 mo 29 October 1882 oli intact istap since 18 November 1882 mo hemi neva bin declared invalid by any Court of Law.

2. Deeds of Sales blong 28 mo 29 October 1882 oli no bin defeated by Caveat blong Chief Silas blong Eratap mo Chief Kolou blong Eton long 1931 mo 1932.

3. Long princinple blong "RES JUDICATA", Honourable Court ia hemi no save overridem or tekem precedence ova long Judgment we i bin kamaot long 1931 mo 1932.

4. I nogat eni evidence bifo honourable Court ia we i pruvum se Deeds of Sales blong 28 mo 29 October 1882 i bin obtained fraudulently, or i bin subjected to criminal intents.

5. I nogat eni wan long ol narafala claimants except counter claimant No.6 we oli soem interest long ol lands blong olgeta ever since, mo ol descendants blong Chief Kaltapau we istap long Erakor nomo oli bin go bak mo wok long lands blong ancestors blong olgeta.

6. Evidence we i kamaot long Honourable Court ia hemi soemaot se evri parties oli interrelated be oli no wantem open-up mo revealim se most long olgeta oli wan family nomo.

7. Family Kalmet (Original Claimant), Family Kalpong (Counterclaimant No.1) mo Chief Kaltapau & Descendants (Counterclaimant No.6) oli gat duty blong luksave ol relatives blong olgeta out long evri parties (whether individually or in families - long patrilaenal mo matrilaenal saed) we oli identifyem olgeta olsem part blong family members blong olgeta mo oli mas diligently mo unconditionally akseptem olgeta olsemia nao.

From we i nogat eni samting long fored blong Kot tedei blong diskwalifaem Deeds of Sales blong Chief Kalmet blong Eratap, Chief Kalpong mo Maripou blong Emelpat mo Chief Kaltapau blong Erueti/Rentabao, Chief Kaltapau & Descendants (Counter claimant No.6) hemi submitim se folem history mo traditional evidence blong case ia, mo long balance blong all probabilities, hemi PRAY HONOURABLE COURT JA blong mekem declarations blong hem olsemia:

1. Family Kalmet (Original Claimant) hemi true custom owner blong wan part blong 10,000 hectares blong Teouma area in accordance wetem Deed of Sales blong Chief Kalmet blong Eratap blong 28 October 1882 mo Family Kalmet hemi mas redefinem bauntri blong hem wetem kastom owner blong immediate eastern saed blong bauntri ia.

2. Kalpong Family (Counterclaimant No. l) hemi true custom owners blong part blong 12,000 hectares we Ancestors blong olgeta, Chief Kalpong mo Maripou i executim Deed of Sales blong hem blong area ia long 28 October 1882 mo eastern bauntri blong hem i start long Emetfat, folem inclination blong 77.21º igo kasem Part Orfale Lep we hemi stap 11.46km inland.

3. Chief Kaltapau & Descendants (Counterclaimant No.6) hemi true custom owner blong part blong 10,000 hectares we Chief Kaltapau i executim Deed of Sales blong hem long 29 October 1882 mo part ia hemi start long Emetfat mo folem 77.21º inclination go kasem Part Orfale Lep we istap 11.46km inland, mo folem igo long Part Lisanlep we istap long 2.55km long angle blong 93.59º mo folem Rentabao River igo daon kasem Nai Ngot, go kasem Naursa, folem igo long Linamirk Point mo go bak kasem stret mark long Emetfat.

4. Ol narafala Claimants we oli save se oli family relatives blong Original Claimant, Kalpong Family mo Chief Kaltapau & Descendants oli entitled blong approachem ol families blong olgeta we Kot i diklerem olgeta mo mekem reconciliations mo re-establishim family connections blong olgeta within 30 days.

5. Original Claimant, Kalpong Family mo Chief Kaltapau & Descendants oli mas yusum diligence, respect mo gud fasin blong lesin long ol families we oli wish blong mekem family reconnections wetem olgeta mo oli mas akseptem olgeta unreservedly mo unconditionally olsem members blong families blong olgeta.

6. Ol families we oli Kastom Owners blong kraon we i subject long case ia, namely area blong Teouma River kasem Rentabao River long part Title 168 mo 170, we i part blong 24,350 hectares we SFNH i bin registerem long nem blong hem, oli entitled blong tekem delivery blong eni past mo present financial mo commercial benefits blong kraon ia.

7. Ol families we oli identified olsem beneficiaires blong area blong Teouma River kasem Rentabao River we i subject long case ia oli gat duty blong organaesem olgeta long wan fasin we i stret long law mo administration, mo oli mas sherem ol benefits we i kamaot long kraon ia long wan "equitable" fasin we man ino save komplen from.

8. Costs blong each party istap long wanwan party nomo.

9. Eni narafala Orders we Honourable Court ia i ting se i stret blong mekem.

History blong land we Representative blong Family Alick Kalonikara ipresentem:

Mr Watson Kalonikara Kaltapau nao hemi presentem blong behalf blong family Alick Kalonikara. Hemi talem se hemi pikinini blong Antoine Kalonikara Kaltabao. Papa blong Kaloniakara hemi Jif Kaltapau we hemi kamaot long Eruiti Eria mo Erentapau eria mo kam stap liv long Ifira Tenuku. Famili Kaltapau ibig wan long Ifira tedei. Hemi se igat ol narafala olfala tu we oli kamaot long Eria blong Erentapau mo Eruiti we Jif Kaltapau nao hemi jif long taem ia. Jif imuv iko long Ifira taem Christianity ikasem ol eria blong Erentapau mo Eruiti.

Baontri we family Kalonikara iclaimem hemi talem long kot se istat long Emetfet stret long wan ples we igat wan Oak tree istap long hem, mo long ples ia tu ibin gat wan wait man istap long hem, mo igat wan ship we oli kolem Busafal we ibin draon stret long ples ia outsaet long solwota. Long Emetfet hemi se mak ifolem stret igo antap long bus long wanples we oli kolem Eworkao mo igo stret antap long bus Naitukot mo Mautfer hemia antap long hil. After mak ifolem igo daon kasem Ek'Por mo kasem aria blong Emasrik mo ko kasem Emapul mo folem ikam long ol aelan ia blong Eruedi mo ol aelan blong Naursa.

Hemi talem long kot se eria blong cleim hemi finis long Erentapau riva nomo be olgeta oli putum map blong olgeta blong shoem kastom baontri kraon blong Jif Kaltapau. Eria we oli konsen long hem, hemi we hemia oli shoem long map. Hemi talem long kot tu se long 1882 Jif Kaltapau hemi bin salem part blong kraon ia olsem we istap long claim. Hemi providem deed of sale long kot olsem exhibit CC No 7.1 olsem evidence blong olgeta mo hemi talem se forom se Jif Kaltabao hemi salem kraon ia iminim se hemia hemi shoem se hemi kraon blong olgeta. Tu hemi talem se long 1973, Kaltapau Kalonikara kaltabao, papa blong hem William Sapo Kalonikara Kaltapau, Samsini Kiri, Jimmy Karongona Mangawai mo tu Jif Graham Kalsakau II oli bin go wokbaot mo lukim mo tokbaot baontri blong graon ia finis. Hemia hemi se, ishoem se ol olfala ia oli ded finis be olgeta tu oli save se family Kalonikara oli family blong ples ia.

Afta hemi present claim blong olgeta hemi callem olgeta witnesses blong hem. Hemi kat Tawara Kaltapau mo Harol Kalonikara.

Tufala witnesses ia tufala tugeta italem se tufala ikam long kot blong witnessem mo defendem graon blong apu blong tufala we ikam long Rentapau, Eruedi.

Long wan witnes statement blong hem we hemi bin putum ikam long kot, witnes ia hemi talem se hem, olsem pikikni blong Jif Kaltapau Kalonikara, blong WaRentapau (Rentapau), iwantem talem long ol family blong Eton, Eratap, Erakor, se graon ia bifo long Eruedi Islands ko kasem hotel Dan - Dick, hemi graon blong olgeta Family blong Jif Kaltapau Kalonikara and olgeta itru land ona mo tru kastom ona long graon ia.

Witness ia ise olgeta iklaim folem Kaltapau mo ating sem Kaltapau ia nao olgeta long Erakor oli klaim folem. Hemi se apu blong hem, Kaltapau hemi salem graon mo taem hemi Salem Koriman mo Kaii tufala ibin stap wetem hem.

Witnes ia hemi talem se hemi no save ol nasara we istap long ples ia, mo hemi se tru we ol foreigner isave trikim hem long taem blong sell long ol figures. Hemi se sapos olgeta iwin, always bambai olgeta wetem Mansil mo Kai ikam tugeta. Witnes ia hemi confirmem se deed of sale mo map blong CC No 6 mo CC No 7 isem mak mo tufala isud kam tugeta mo hemia nao olgeta itraem blong connectem. Witnes ia hemi stap talem se river hemi no wan custom baontri. Witness hemi confirmed bakaken se Kaltapau hemi Jif blong Eruedi mo nakamal blong hem istap long Eruedi be ino save nem blong hem.

Witness namba 2 italem long statement blong hem se hemi bon long 21st August 1961 mo hem hemi decendant blong Jif Kaltapau Kara. Hemi talem se hemi stap klaim folem bladlaen blong defenden graon blong apu blong hem. Long family tree blong hem, witnes ia hemi se papa blong hem hemi Willam Sapo Kalonikara we hemi fes bon long generation blong hem mo papa blong hem hemi olfala Kalonikara mo mama blong hem hemi Litau. Papa blong olfala Kara hemi Jif Kaltapau Kara mo wife blong hemi hemi Lipok. Hemi se olfala Jif Kaltapau hemi gat 2 brata we hemi Kai mo Mansil we tufala istap long Eratap mo sister blong olgeta hemi Leifkal mo emi go long Erakor. Hemi se papa blong Kaltapau nao hemi inheritem right blong papa blong hem we hemi bigfala Jif mo custom ona long Rentapau.

Witnes ia hemi se ol nakamal blong Jif Kaltabao hemi; Naitukot, Poloun, Naingot, Ekbor, Eworkau, Etefkau, Elaknomal, Emetfat mo go long small island blong Naursa mo Eruedi. Hemi talem se missionary nao imuvum aot Kaltapau, Mansil mo Kai. Hemi talem se deed of sale we oli producim long kot hemi soem graon blong Kaltapau we hemi salem olsem we istap long deed of sale ia. Further hemi talem se Jif hemi onem bigfala baontri long behalf blong pipol blong hem. Hemi se Jif ino save salem graon long own will blong hem be hemi mas askem long pipol blong hem.

Hemi save se Kaltapau isalem graon mo go ded mo oli berem hem long Ifira while witness namba 1 italem se Kaltapau ided nao oli berem hem long Eruedi. Fulap ol kwestin we ikam aot long cross-examination, hemi stap ansa "mi no save".

Famili Kalonikara oli submit se follem custom blong Efate kraon hemi pass through long stret bladlaen. Oli submit se oli mekem claim blong olgeta follem bladlaen blong Jif Kaltabao mo tu oli submit se long famili tree blong olgeta oli gat 5 generations. Oli also submit se man isave inheritem kraon tu long laen blong woman thru long naflak system sapos ino gat stret bladlaen blong man or chief we ilaef istap. Mo tu long saed long adoption sapos Jif emi no gat pikinini mo adoptem wan pikinini insaed long tribe blong hem blong injheritern ol rights blong hem. Oli submit se generation blong olgeta istat long Jif Kaltabao igo long Kalonikara iko long William Sapo iko long Kaltasau mo namba 5 generation blong olgeta hemi Ovaki. Jif Kaltabau ikat two brothers Kaii wetem Mansil mo tufala ikat wan sister, Leefkal. Kaii inokat pikinini mo Mansil emi gat wan gel nomo we ol family blong hem oli stap long Eratap. Leefkal imaret iko long Erakor mo kat ol family we istap tedei. Jif Kaltapao ikat wan boy we nem blong hem Kalonikara. Hemia nao family Kalonikara oli klem under long hem.

Oli submit se igat family blong Mansil mo Leefkal oli liv long Erakor mo Eratap be oli no save gat right blong klem from se bladlaen blong Jif kaltabao oli laef istap long Ifira.

Baontri we famili Kalonikara iklem hemi Naitukot iko long Poloun iko long Nain'got iko long Emabul iko long Eworkau iko long Etefkaufat iko long Elaknolimal iko long Emtfat mo smol aelan Naursa mo Erueti. Hemia ol places we Jif Kaltabao ibin move long olgeta before ol missionaries oli kam long New Hebrides.

Family Kalonikara ialso sabmit se oli luksave family blong ancestors blong Mansil mo Leefkal mo oli stanap tedei blong reunitem bigfala family blong Jif Kaltapao. Hemia olfamily oli stap long Eton, Erakor mor Eratap mo blong bae oli putum bak authority mo respect insaed long land baontri blong olgeta long Rentabao Erueti.

History blong land we Representative blong Fami1i Nase Kalmet Taleo ipresentem:

Nase Kalmet Taleo hemi presentem kes blong olgeta olsem: Hemi se olgeta ol generation blong Marik Kazu Leon mo Mtulep Toununu Leiwel we tufala ikamaout long Erkau mo kam stap long Erueti istap klem mo identifyem se anscestors blong olgeta ia oli kamaot long ol nasara ia we oli stap claim folem history mo storian we ol Apu blong olgeta oli stap storian long olgeta. Hemi se oli claim custom heritage mo birth right long kraon ia Erkao mo Erueti we iblong ol generation blong Marik Kazu Leon mo Mtulep Toununu Leiwel.

Hemi se family histry blong hem iko olsem: Marik Kazu Leon emi tribe blong Yam, Naoi-tau mo emi Blood-born natatok blong Erkao. Emi maretem Mtulep Toununu Leiwel we emi tribe blong coconut blong Eruiti long Siwa. Marik Kasu Leon emi rnaretem Mtulep Toununu Leiwel mo tufala ikat three pikinini we emi Likas, Kalpa-pau Korivket mo Keiwos. Hemi shoem long family tree blong olgeta.

Long taem we oli stap long Erkao, ikat Marik Pau-Vat we emi Jif irule long taem ia. Jif ia emi wan Jif we ikat 100 woman we istap karem olgeta by force, from we emi Jif mo ol man oli stap fraet long em from fasin blong em mo ruling blong em long taem ia emi strong mo aggressive tumas. From fasin ia ol man we ol maret oli stap stat blong ronwei mo muv aot long ples ia Erkao. Marik Kazu Leon emi karem woman blong em Toununu Leiwel mo kam down long Erueti mo step long ples ia. Tufala ikat 2 boys we emi Likas, Kalpa-pau Kori-vket mo one girl we nem blong em emi Keiwos. Marik Kazu Leon emi bin liv long ples ia until emi ded mo oli berem long Erueti. Ati Toununu Leiwel. emi maret bakeken wetem Marik Toatau. Ati Nunu Leiwel istap wetem ol pikinini blong em until oli bikwan mo stat blong muv aot bakeken ikam long Epau-ran (two stone) long Erakor mo liv long ples ia bakeken long sem taem. Taem oli stap long Epau-ran oli stap lukluk ikam long Elak-Nfalep long point blong Egmis long Eurakot, Pango. After sam yia ipass Likas, Kalpa-pau Kori-vket, mo Leiwos oli muvaut bakeken ikam long Nasara blong Ekal-nfalep long Nagis Egmis - Eurakot, Pango. Paramount Jif Roymata thru long revelation emi kam up wetem this bright idea blong solvem problem blong fight mo mekem pease wetem existing custom spirit blong naflak. Emi Same custom spirit, same weapon, same natopuan but the only thing we emi jenis emi use blong em. Naflak emi nomo use blong fight but emi use blong mekem peace. Plante Jif oli traem but oli fail blong mekem peace until Paramount Jif Roymata emi succed blong mekem peace thru long use blong naflak we emi mekem em ikam wan hero we i changem history.

Long saed blong Custom bauntri hemi talem long kot se olgeta oli positiv mo stong claimen se Marik Kazu Leon we emi great, great grandfather blong mifala ikamout long Erkao folem histry we grandson blong em Marik Taleo Nauper istap storian long olgeta.

Oli claim area ia Erkao kam kasem Erueti long ples we oli burem em long em.

Long conculision hemi se for centuries long taem blong darkness ikam kasem taem yumi kam long light long Kristianity, 'sukp' or fasin blong tabu mo respect emi olsem covering blong ol Apu we oli 'flak' long em whether long maret adoption, nem or title, or ground, wokabaot long custom laef emi center round long 'sukp-twei nig tiawi' or custom fasin blong ol olfala. Olgeta Family blong Marik Kazu Leon istanap strong blong claimem custom heritage mo inheritance blong olgeta long ground ia Erkao, Erueti we emi custom right blong olgeta thru long apu blong olgeta kam down long ol generation ikam kasem ol pikinini blong olgeta we emi namba 7 generation.

Long saed long ol offsprings blong counter claimant namba 8 oli bin liv long Elak-nfalep mo maret mo kat ol pikinini ia; Marik Kalosara Abisef we hemi tribe blong Nfa-tau long Nasara blong Elaknfalep hemi maretem Ati Leiowos mo kat three gel, Tourongo, Leisok mo Toutek mo 1 boy we hemi Kaltak. Marik Likas hemi maret Ati Toukolau (Noai-raa) mo kat Taleo Naoper, Kalonsen mo Toupong. Marik Kalpa-pau Korivket emi no maret afta ided. Taleo Nauper emi maret wetem Leimas mo kat Uen. Afta Leimas ided Marik Taleo emi maret wetem Bese mo kat John Naton, Nasei Kalmet, Kalpat, Leipopot, tourongo, Kalontas, Leipon, Dick mo ol narafala brata mo sistas blong em. Hemi shoem olgeta ia long family tree blong olgeta.

Hemi talem long kot se blood long custom fasin emi minim birthright or inheritance or custom heritage we inaturally pass on from father to son folem ol generations ikam down.

Mr Kalmet hemi gohed blong explainem naflak be kot ichoose blong no considerem issue blong naflak from se everi parti oli agree long beginning se kastom bae oli tokabaot mo folem hemi hemia we ifolem bladlaen.

After hemi presentem case blong olgeta hemi singaotem ol witnesses blong hem. Olgeta oli kat 3 witnesses everywan. Ikat Reuben Kila Taleo, George Taleo mo Abel Kalmet Skatur.

Evidence we olgeta witnesses ia oli givim long kot se witness No. 1 hemi namba 5 generation blong Marik Kazu Naoper Kalmet we hemi ded mo oli berem hem long Eruedi. Se ol ancestors blong olgeta oli kam sot long Erkau mo Eruedi we oli bin muv mo kam long Eurakot, Epago. Se Apu blong olgeta we wan paramount Jif hei lukaotem one system we hemi exist istap. Witnes namba 1 ise olgeta we oli kam long Eratap, Ifira, Pango mo Erakor oli family. Witness hemi talem se olgeta iklaim part blong Eraku mo narasaed river Rentapau. Witness hemi se ipossible blong wan man igat graon long baontri blong 2 paramount Jif tru long woman. Witnes ia hemi no save tumas ol pleses long area blong claim. Long movement blong Apu Marik Kazu, hemi bin go stap long Erakor mo afta iko long Pango, Witnes ia italem se olgeta ifamily wetem Jif Pakoa. Oli claim se long Pango graon oli folem Naflak we hemi folem woman.

Witnes No 2 George Taleo hemi talem sam samting we itekem affect blong wanem we fes witnes italem abaot baontri mo apu Jif marik Kazu. Hemi se hemi save history we ikasem. 150 years bifo. Hemi talem se long save blong hem, wan paramount Jif hemi lukaotem wan baontri blong wan komunity mo serem graon iko long wan wan tribe mo Naflak olsem wan laplap we oli dividem iko long ol pieces, be fasin blong serem graon ia ilus finish. Hemi se Paramount Jif hemi mas gat title from title ia noa hemi signifiem authority mo power blong rul. Witnes ia hemi contradictim fes witnes taem italem se Marik Kazu hemi wan Jif blong tribe, be ino wan paramount Jif. Hemi se graon isave folem woman tu siposi ino gat boy long family, we italem nao naflak ikam insaet. Hemi se sam taem hemi stap luk Jif Silas blong Eratap ibin stap kam long Pango. Hemi se apu blong olgeta oli berem hem long Eruedi. Hemi se bifo oli usum hill, river, mo valley blong makem baontri be nao ia hemi nomo exist.

Witnes No 3 Abel Kalmet Skature hemi tok baot apu Marik Kazu, Nafalak, mo bladlaen isem mak long tufala fes witnes nomo. Eworkau hemi reflectem wan ples we Jif nomo wetem ol polis blong hem oli save go long hem. Hemi talem se blong kam wan Jif yu mas be bladlaen blong Jif, yu mas be wan man blong halpem pipol. Hemi se sem Kalmet long Pango nao hemi gat, relation ship long Eratap mo Erakor. Witnes hemi stap talem se Mari Kazu hemi wan hae Jif mo sem taem hemi wan warrior. Witnes ia hemi talem se olgeta iklaim folem bladlaen. Long sam narafala answers blong hem, witnes ia hemi no halpem kes blong hem mo kot tumas.

Family Nase Kalmet Taleo suubmit se custom land ia Eworkaw - (Teuma/Rentapau) emi inhabited more than 400 years ago. Emi wan long olgeta biggest mo ancient village blong ol tribes mo ancestors blong olgeta. Ancestors blong olgeta oli liv long ples ia plante years i pass bifo any contact wetem whiteman i kam about. As yumi tracem back nomadic journey blong ol, yumi save identifyem past footprints blong olgeta we i lidim olgeta ikam mo reside long pleses olsem Eratap, Erakor, Pango as well as Ifira. Oli livim nasara blong ol, long ol different times for different reasons but once oli liv long ples ia mo mekem mark blong history blong olgeta. Laef story blong ol emi bikam history we oli passem ikam down long ol generation ikam.

CC.8 oli submit se kastom graon emi mus base nomo long oral mo unwritten law blong custom, mo disision blong kastom graon we istap long disput imas base nomo long oral mo unwritten, custom. Oli talem se ol pipol oli muv from ol different risons olsem tribal wars, sikness, woman be mostly from foreign factors olsem slave trading era mo mission establishment, hemia nao main reason blong ol tribes oli share aot. Oli talem se plante ol related families ia oli share aot long taem blong ol muvment ia mo live long Eratap, Erakor, Pango Tfira mo ko kasem sheperds group.

Long saed blong ol offsprings blong Marik Kazu Naoper-Kalmer oli bin live long Elak-nfalep mo maret mo kat ol pikinini. Marik Kalosara Abisef we emi tribe long Nfa-tau long Nasara blong Elaknfalep emi maretem Ati Leiwos mo kat three (3) girl Tourongo, Leisok mo Toutek mo 1 boy we emi Kaltak. Marik Likas emi maretem Ati Toukolau (Noai raa) mo kat Taleo Naoper, Kalonsem mo Toupong. Marik Kalpa-pau Korivket emi wan warrior blong Jif mo emi no maret afta i ded. Taleo Naoper emi maret wetem Leimas mo kat Uen. Afta Leimas i ded Marik Taleo emi maret wetem Hese we ikat John Naton finis, mo ol pikinini blong tufala emi first born boy Nasei Kalmet, followed by Kalpat; Leipopot Lingot, Tourongo, Kalontas, Lcipon, Dick Abisef. Oli refer long family tree blong olgeta.

Long submission blong olgeta oli tokabaot custom relationship blong Jif, Nametrau mo Custom Lan, we oli talem se na-sautongan we hemi minim yearly gifts long ol kaikai itek ples oltaem blong fasem Jif, Nametrau mo custom land oltaem. Hemi tok abaot olnara samthing tu we pati ia oli no talem long kot mekem kot ino save considerem forom se olnara patis oli no kat jans blong questionem olgeta long cross-examination. Wan example we hemia wan nara relationship we man iwantem land emi maret insaed long wan nasara blong seal or lease agrimen bitwin two man.

Oli submit se unwritten custom we igovernem land hemi stap wetem respect mo honor.

Oli talem se Custom relationship blong Jif, Nametrau mo Custom Land, i mekem wan custom system i wok long wan nasara mo blong pispisisim mo karem one or two blong mekem wan claim emi wan abuse mo emi no folem stret fasin blong custom. Long submission blong olgeta oli bin drawem wan diagram we oli drawem 3 circles. Circle long medel hemi representem High Jif, second circle hemi tribe or nametrau mo last wan outside hemi Custom land, oli submit se hemia hemi blong definem custom fasin we emi governem ol pipol.

Oli submit se olgeta ol generation blong Marik Kazu Naoper-Kalmer we ikamaout long Ewor-kaw istap claimem mo identifyem se ancestors blong olgeta ia oli kamaout long custom ground blong Eworkaw mo olgeta istap claimem custom right ia folem histry mo storian we ol Apu oli stap storian long olgeta.

Oli submit se Customary Right emi right blong liv mo wok long wan custom ground. Custom right ia emi inherited thru long custom laen we i involvem tugeta man mo woman. Tufala custom laen ia emi mas always go together wan ino save wok witaot narawan. Yes, tufala ikat position blong tufala mo part we tufala i playem blong mekem custom system i wok.

Oli talem se oli claimem custom right blong customs ground we emi stat long end bauntri blong Emet-faat stat long title 2573 mo pass long hill blong E-tumpto mo kam down long title 002 long Ewor-kaw mo continue kam kasem Ekpu-vaat mo kam finis long Emet-nai-kes, blue hole long title1833.

Oli submit se fasin blong salem ground bifo emi wan sudden change long foreign culture we emi result blong hem hemi olgeta disputes long land olsem hemia we yumi sitaon long hem. Few parties oli mekem basis blong claim blong olgeta long ol deed of sale olsem Jif Kalmet 10,000ha, Original Claimant mo Jif Kaltapau 10,000ha we Claimant No.6 Jif Kaltapau & Descendants mo Claimant No.7 Family Alick Kalonikara tufalla i claimem same Jif ia, mo nara wan emi Jif Kalpong 12 000ha.

lkat nara olfala tu we emi Abel-Nar emi salem nara part blong land we emi Land Case No. 09/84 betwin Jif Jimmy K Kolou blong Eton, Mr. Makal Kalsong blong Eratap, Mr. Kalotuk Rogotal blong Eratap mo Mr. John Kaltapau (Jif Kaltapau & Descendants) blong Erakor. Oli submit se taem ol Jif oli Salem ol parcel blong land ia oli createm two major factors.

Long submison blong olgeta oli refer long Land kes 9/84 we imention above we judgment blong hem ikam aot long June 1989 mo statem iklia se folem kastom, fasin blong salem graon emi no stret... kot ikohed blong talem se .... Stori itru be kot ise fasin ia ino stret folem custom blong Epuen. Mekem se oli submit se sipos folem custom iwrong blong salem graon then ol basis blong deed of sale claim blong Teuma Rentapau land hemi semak. (Reference long judgment, page 6 we oli mekem annexure "E")

Oli submit se cc. 1 mo. cc.2 tufala iwan family according long family tree blong tufala be history blong tufala icontradictim tufala.

CC :6 mo cc.7 tufala iclaimem sem olfala we emi Jif Kaltapau mo same part blong land we istap before long kot ia. Cc.6 istat wetem Faleapong mo Toupong we boe blong tufala Kaltapau we deed of sale claim ibase long em. Cc.7 hemi stat long Jif Kaltapau we wife blong hem Leipoko mo tufala ikat boe blong tufala Kalonikara. Be hem tu ipresentem same Deed of Sale we cc.6 ipresentem. Oli submit se family tree blong tufala ino clear se ino complete. Oli submit se amended statement blong family Katapau and descendants hemi shoem se genealogical records emi folem bladlaen and ino adoption olsem original history blong olgeta. Hemia ishoem se ikat twisted version long history blong olgeta.

Oli kohed blong submit se sam witnesses we family Kalmari imekem oli contradictim nara witnesses blong pruvum history blong olgeta.

Oli submit se Family blong Marik Kazu Naoper-Kalmer i stanap strong blong defendem mo claimem customary right blong liv mo wok long ground ia Eworkau thru long Apu blong olgeta ikam down long ol generation ikam kasem ol pikinini blong olgeta tedei.

Oli submit se kot imas consider mo rule long fair practice mo tu blongluk beyond o acknowledgem importance blong oral history we wan wan ipresentem through ol generations.

Bakeken oli talem, se olgeta Family blong Marik Kazu Naoper-Kalmer i stanap strong blong defendem mo claimem bak customary right blong liv mo wok long ground ia Eworkaw thru long Apu blong olgeta ikam down long ol generation ikam kasem ol pikinini blong olgeta tedei.

History blong land we Representative blong Family Fatan Kalmari ipresentem:

Long saed blong family Fatan Kalmari ibin kat two spokes man, Titus Taribu mo George Sualo. Titus Taribu now hemi bin presentem history blong famili ia. Long presentesen blong hem hemi talem se olgeta Famili Kalmari blong Erakor vilij oli hed blong ol generation blong Jonathan Kalrongo we hemi fes born boe blong Kalkot, pikinini blong Jif Kalmari blong Erkao, mo Serei only pikinini blong Jif Nmak Apisai blong Bouffa. Olgeta oli stap mekem olgeta claim ia folem blad laen blong olgeta grand apu blong olgeta bifo we oli bin stap pasem long ol generation to generation ikam kasem olgeta tedei we hemi shoem se olgeta oli kamaot long tufala high Jif blong South Efate we wan emi Jif Nmak mo Jif Koriman we hemi papa blong Kalmari.

Folem muvment blong ol generation blong olgeta hemi se Jif Nmak Apisal blong Bouffa nao ibin muvum ol pipol blong hem ikam taon long Losike smol taem, mo ibin muv bakegan wetem Sualo blong Samoa, blong kam putum fes Christian vilij blong hem long Ekasufat, long ple ia nao hemi bin recivim ol fes missionary long 1845. Tedei yumi celebretem 1 May blong remember ol fes missionary we oli kasem South Efate long ples ia nem blong hem Ekasufat. Long oltaem blong raorao between olgeta long Bouffa mo Erontpao mo Erkao imekem ikat ol vilij long Erontpau mo nasara long Erkao hemi empti.

Nao taem ol franis man oli bin gat interest blong development ol plantation blong copra, cacao mo coffee long olgeta land ia oli bin save finis istap se ol laen blong olgeta blong Erakao long South Efate oli bin muv aot long nasara blong Erkao mo long Erontpau vilij.

Long presentation blong hem hemi se oli save pruvum existence blong Jif koriman Kalkau kasem olgeta tedei tru long famili tree blong olgeta. Tu oli save purvem existence blong nasara mo vilij long Erkao mo Erontpau. History blong muvmen blong olgeta olfala generation blong olgeta hemi tru folem history blong South Efate long bifo long taem blong darknes kasem laet hemi kam tru long South Efate tru long generation blong olgeta. Family tree blong olgeta ishoem bigala generation mo evidenc blong history blong South Efate. History blong kraon blong ol apu blong olgeta long ol eria blong claim blong olgeta hemi talem long kot. Olgeta family Kalmari wetem olgeta witness blong claim blong olgeta oli kat olgta points ia wetem pruv se olgeta land title we oli stap putum claim long olgeta oli olsem:-

Long title 170 ikat Nai Ngot (Rentapau River), Erkao, Erontpau, Elak Nuni Mal, Emel Emelpat. Long title 168 ikat Ntan Miel mo Fat Ngot. Long behalf blong family Kalmari Spokes man Titus Taripu iaskem kot blong hemi tekem long consideration se olgeta oli tru custom ona blong ples ia Nai Ngot, Erkao, Erontpau, Elak Nuni Mal, Emel emelpat, Ntan Miel mo Fat Ngot. Olgeta graon blong pupu blong olgeta ikam bak long mifala folem stampa constitution blong Republic blong Vanuatu.

Olgeta oli kat 4 witnesses everywan. Ikat Fatan Kalmari, Kalorong Kalmari, Leon Lalie mo Edward Kaloris.

Long saed long evidence blong witness namba 1, hemi bin kivim had taem long kot mo ol patis long bigining. Hem nao hemi bin Claimant long parti ia be taem blong hemi givim evidence hemi ansa mino save long everi cross-examination questions. Afta long short break hemi stat blong tok be kolosap everi samting we italem long kot ikontradictim wanem we spokes man blong pati ia italem long kot. Kot ino save rely long ol evidence we witness ia ikivim. Witness ia hemi gat 57 years old. Hemi talem se family blong hem oli ownem Erkao, Erentapau, Emelpat mo Elak Nunimal. Hemi talem se Kalmari mo woman blong hem Lilgai mo tufala ikat two boys, Kalkot mo Kalosin.

Hemi stap talem se Kalmari oli muv aot long Erkao from se Kalmari hemi bin kilim preacher Timteon mo hemi realisem wrong blong hem nao hemi muv aot iko long Emelpat, afta Emalok from se problem stap folem olgeta nomo. Problem ikohed blong ikasem olgeta imekem se hemi kilim wife blong hem Lilgai mo hemi swapem blood blong hem blong Timteon mo go putum hem long wan ples oli kolem Elak Fatopau. Hemi se tufala pikikni blong Lilgai isore long mama blong tufala nao igo stap liv long Erakor.

Hemi talem se nakamal hemi Eworlep mo dansing ples hemi Emansup, mo tapu ples oli kolem Emor or sacrificing place.

Further hemi talem se Fatukot hemi ples we oli stap krosem river blong Rentapau mo go long Bouffa. Witness hemi explainem family tree mo talem olsem ia se Jif Koriman hemi maretem Likal mo tufala ibonem Kalmari. Kalkot hemi maretem Serei, gel blong Nmak Apasi mo tufala ibonem Jonathan Kalrongo we ibonem Andre mo Andre hemi bonem Kalmari we hemi papa blong hem, Fatan.

Long side blong cross-examination, witness ia hemi stap talem se hemi no save siposi sem Lilgai we olgeta long CC No 9 istap tokabaot hemi sem Lilgai we Original Claimant hemi stap tok abaot. Witnes hemi se long side blong laen blong mama blong hem, olgeta oli stap long sem side.

Witness ia hemi no helpem kot inaf, hemi ansa long fulap kwestin se hemi no save, even though hem nao hemi claimant, hemi no trae had blong helpem kes blong olgeta.

Hemi stap deniem se sem Kalkau we CC No 9 hemi stap usum hemi apu blong Spokes man blong CC 2, mo deniem se sem Kalkau Koriman nao olgeta long CC 2 oli stap usum.

Fulap long olgeta toktok blong witnes ia long taem blong cross examination hemi stap contradictim hem wan bakaken mo even hemi no save answer long kot.

Long re examination, witnes hemi agree se hem ipossible se hem wetem Original Claimant tufala iwan famili nomo, mo further hemi talem se ipossible blong apu blong hem mo apu blong Original Claimant ikam long Erkao

Witness namba 2 hemi Kalrongo Kalmari we hemi brata blong witness namba 1. Hemi talem se hem iblong Erakor. Hemi talem se Lilgai mo Kalmari nao ilukaot Kalpoilep, we hemi papa blong Kalmet.

Witness hemi talem se Kalkau we CC No 2 hemi kam long hem hemi generation blong papa blong hem be olgeta or CC No 9 olgeta iclemem Kalkau blong darkness taem. Witnes hemi talem se oli kilim Timteon long Erkao area. Hemi talem long Cross-Examination se CC6 oli kam aot long Kalosin, mo hemi stap talem se narafala nem blong Kalkau hemi Koriman. Witness ia hemi no bin tekem serious mo full consentration taem we hemi stap long witnes box. Hemi concentrate plante long distructions we ikam long audiances we istap long kot.

Next witnes blong pati ia italem long statement blong hem se hem isave gud family tree blong Fatan Kalmari mo hem we hemi hedem family Kalomtak, hemi save gud storian blong tufala olfala ia Kalrongo mo Kalomtak from we hem ibin lukim apu blong hem Thomas Kalomtak we hemi fes bon boe blong Kalomtak. Witnes ia ise hemi save gud se Jonathan Kalrongo hemi bin involve plante wetem kraon blong Rentapau, Teouma mo Bouffa. Witness ia hemi talem se plante ples ol developments itek ples olsem SFNH mo ol narafala wan we ispolem ol surface evidence olsem ol stone, tree mo wota. Hemi submitim wan family tree we isoem se hemi kam in long woman ia Leimas we hemi gel blong Kalosin we papa blong hem hemi Jif Kalmari. Leimas hemi bonem Carolaen mo Carolaen hemi bonem hem.

Witnes ia hemi talem se hemi gat 52 years mo long oath hemi stap storian long family tree blong hem we imekem hemi kam witnes blong CC No 9 we isoem se hemi kam long side blong woman.

Hemi talem se paramount Jif hemi Kalkau Koriman mo Kalkau hemi wan native blong Erkao, mo olgeta nao oli rightful native blong ol tribes blong hem.

Witness ia italem long cross-examination se hemi no impotent blong includum long statement blong hem, se Kalmari mo Lilgai nao ilukaot Kalpoilep. Witness ia istap deniem se Kalpoilep hemi adoptem Lilgai. Witnes ia hemi talem se itrue we family tree blong olgeta ino soem we Kalpoilep hemi wan adoptive blong Kalmari mo Kalpoilep igru ap long Erkao.

Witnes ia hemi talem se Kalkau Koriman hem wan we hemi paramount Jif.

Long witnes statement blong hem Mr Kaloris italem se hemi blong Paunagisu village be hemi kam blong witnesim history mo family tree blong Jonathan Kalrongo. Long Family tree blong olgeta, Toumer hemi sister blong Jonathan Kalrongo mo Toumer hemi bonem Janneth mo Janneth nao ibonem witnes ia, Edward Kaloris,

Hemi talem se hemi gat 52 years mo hemi stap storian long sam story we Uncle blong hem italem we ino relate nating long graon blong Teouma. Witnes ia hemi se hemi no save sipos igat any narafala family tu oli kam long Erkao be Kalmet nomo hemi save. Hemi tu ise Lilgai mo Kalmari nao ilukaot papa blong Kalmet we hemi Kalpoilep. Hemi se relationship blong olgeta oli treatim olgeta olsem ol brata mo sisters. Hemi stap talem se Kalkau hemi sem man ia Koriman. Hemi se title nem hemi Kalkau be hemi Koriman. Hemi stap talem se CC2 oli stap tok abaot Kalkau we hemi small nem blong Koriman.

Long submission blong olgeta family Kalmari italem se land we istap between Teouma river rno Rentapau river, i wan area blong land we question i been raise plante long hem, plante yia i pass.

Long Submission blong olgeta oli submit se from corrupt fasen we sam leaders blong South Efate, oli stap mekem blong salem o leasem out ol parcel blong land ia without proper or legal procedure blong hem olsem we law i providem, iko long ol man island. Mo too without proper consultation wetem other tribes or nametrau we ol ancestors blong olketa tu oli migrate out long area ia mo formem tufala coastal villages ia, Eratap mo Erakor.

Group namba-wan hemi, Chief Bakoa Kalpoilep blong Eratap olsem Original Claimant (OC). OC hemi claim se hemi paramount chief blong land bauntri ia, Teouma river to Rentapau river, mo hemi owner blong this particular land bauntri. And that ol individual tribes, nametrau, or person oli no ownem any particular parcel blong land within land bauntri ia. And claim blong OC i start area blong north blong Ebalaun long Rentapau river mo cross long wan stret laen iko long Teouma river. Follem Teouma river i kam daon long Fatukot, Efatrae, mo follem river i kam daon long Epirsef (Teouma river-mouth). Then i follem coast ikam long Enarpou, Esale, Emet-naniu, Emet-fat, Enot-tae, mo ko kasem long Naursa. Mo follem bakeken Nai-got (Rentapau river) iko up north ko kasem long Ebalaun area.

Ol area we oli stap inside long, bauntri blong claim ia i kat, Ebalaun, Emaw-tfer, Fatukot, Efatrae, Ntan-miel, Epok, Emau-tul, Eworkau, Emle-masei, Emlasor, Emel-pat, Emel-tangi, Enarpou, Esale, Emet-naniu, Emet-fat, Enot-tae, Naursa, mo Elak-nonimal.

Oli submit se ol ansa blong witness namba 1 blong OC hemi contradictim storian blong Jif Andrew Laklokai we hemi papa blong OC we italem long wan document we OC ianexem long book blong hem we italem se "Yes, when Christianity came Kalpoilep and his people moved from Erkao to the sea coast and made a small village at where Blue-Hole is." (Reference long T/RLC Annex 8(E) oar.5) mo tu long annex 8(d) para.2 hemi se 'Yes, the story is that Kalpoilep used to live on the hill of Erkao. When Christianity came, they moved down to near Rantapao Island and made a village there. The place where they built their village is now called 'Blue-hole'.

Oli submit se family Kalmet oli stap prufum nomo human habitation long Eworkao be oli no pruvum existence blong Kalpoilep l. Mo oli talem se Jif Laklokai long same annex 8, hemi neva mentionem or refer long Kalpoilep olsem wan Jif. (Refer Annex 8(E,) paragraph 9), Chief Laklokai hemi talem se,

"The thing was that my grand father, Kalmet was converted to Christianity and so he followed the light (Christianity) to Eratap, Missionary Hq at Erakor. As he was a leading figure of Chief, naturally his people followed him to Eratap. And the few who were left behind eventually followed later at the request of the preacher Kalwatong"

Oli submit se since, Kalpoilep i never ko long Erfen, i mean se hemi never ded long Erfen any way.

Oli submit se OC ino bin save even name blong wan long ol 29 wifes blong Kalpoilep blong pruvum se ikat fulap wifes we isave pruvum tu se hemi wan bikfala Jif tru. Hemi no save pruvum kastom ordination blong Jif Kalmet from se hemi save se hemi bin wan elected Jif long taem blong missionary long smol island blong Eratap. Iminim se, papa blong hem ineva Jif. Hemi wan simple man nomo hemia nao imekem se oli electem pikinini blong hem blong kam Jif, sapos papa blong hem iwan paramount kastom Jif bae ino save kat election blong pikinini blong hem Kalmet. Oli kohed blong talem se Jif Kalmet long Eratap island, hemi shoem klea se hemi Jif blong pipol blong Eratap nomo, be ino Jif blong Eworkaw or any graon. Oli talem se folem kastom blong Efate, ol Jif oli kat specific title name blong olgeta, "KAL" hemi simple name nomo. Oli submit se family Kalmet ino bin save talem aot long kot nem blong Nakamal mo nasara blong Kalpoilep we oli se hemi wan paramount Jif. Mo sapos yu se yu wan Jif be yuno save nem blong nakamal mo nasara blong yu, hemia imin se yu no wan tru kastom Jif. Oli submit se ol nem mo ol laen long map blong original claiman oli wrong, Oli submit se baontri laen we iclaimem hemi no kastomary folem kastom blong Efate. Oli submit se history book blong family Kalmet hemi fulap long contradictions betwin Jif Andrew Laklokai mo Michael Taun mo Jif Bakoa Andrew. (reference annex 8 A-F). Oli submit se original claiman hemi fail blong pruvum kes blong hem. Oli talem se hemi wan, olfala habitat hemi no kat eni historical evidence blong pruvem se ol ples ia oli blong Kalpoilep except that hemi blong Eworkao, mekem se oli talem se hemi jas wan simple man blong Eworkao.

Long saed blong Act of Sale Family Kalmari oli talem se OC hemi no save pruvem se Act of sale ia hemi tru graon blong Kalpoilep.

Long saed long Counterclaiman No. 1 Family, Kalmari isubmit se oli stap tokabaot Act of Sale blong 1882 se papa blong olgeta Kalpong hemi salem mo Jif Maripou hemi Jif blong Emelpat. Oli talem se even though oli talem se oli blong Emelpat oli no mature long area we oli claim, oli no save tu se Jif Maripou istap anda long wanem bifala Jif long Emelpat. Family Kalmari oli submit se Jif Maripou hemi wan Jif blong Jif Koriman.

Long saed long counter claimant namba 2 Family Kalmari isubmit se oli no bin save pruvum se family tree blong olgeta hemi stret blong Topau title nem blong naflak, Koriman hemi written olsem family nem nomo. Kalorus Kalopong ino bin ordained olsem Jif Koriman olsem we istap claimem long statement blong claim blong olgeta. Oli submit se Topau-man-Koriman hemi Kaltapau Koriman same man olsem Mansil emi brata blong Kai mo Kaltapau Kara mo olgeta ia oli blong Epuen land, long Erueti Area. Oli submit se Emtang we oli stap refer long hem, hemi no possible blong stap long area blong Eworkau.

Emtang istap long area blong Pangpang/Eton; Se oli no save pruvum generation 1 mo 2 mo folem family tree blong olgeta. Oli submit se hemi no possible se Jif ikat 2 title nem folem kastom blong Efate. Oli talem se Jif Topau Mansil Koriman, brata blong hem Kaltapau Koriman blong CC6 tufala ikat wan mo brata Kai, Mansil mo Kaltapau tufala ibrata nomo be tufala ikam wetem ol difren history, in fact family Kalmari ia se CC2, CC6 mo CC7 oli blong Epuen or Erueti. From se family Mansil Koriman ino bin save pruvum kes blong olgeta.

Long saed blong family Kalmermer, family Kalmari italem se history mo ol evidence blong olgeta ishoem se oli blong Etom mo Erfen therefore kot ishud declare se oli no kat raet long land ia Teouma/Rentapau:

Long saed blong CC5 Family Kalmari isubmit se history blong olgeta hemi ol feritail nomo therefore kot ishould not rely long story blong olgeta mo kot ishould not considerem any long story blong olgeta.

Family Kalmari italem se Kaltapau CC6 hemi no wan Jif. Oli submit se Kaltapau we hemi salem graon long 1882 hemi Kaltapau Kara we CC7 iclaim long hem. Oli talem se Kai we ibrata blong Kaltapau Kara mo Mansil nao iadoptem John Kaltapau we hemi papa blong Kennedy Kaltapau. Oli submit se Kaltapau we hemi kam aot long family tri blong Kaltapau long counter claiman namba 6 oli mekem up nomo blong claimem land we Kaltapau Kara isalem. Long submission blong olgeta oli talem se kot ishud rul se CC6 iblong Epuen or Erueti mo oli no blong Teouma Rentapau land.

Long saed blong CC7 family Kalmari isubmit se oli no save pruvum kes blong olgeta other than Act of Sale blong 1882. Mo oli talem se Family Kalonikara nao Jif Kolou blong Epuen iluk save hem so hemi save claim Erueti be ino Teouma Rentapau land.

Oli submit se Marik Kazu, CC 8 hemi no wan kastom Jif be hemi head blong tribes nomo. Tis pati oli no save nakamal or nasara blong olgeta. Oli submit se long kastom blong Efate hemia min se ol man ia oli ol strangers long land ia. Family Marik Kazu oli no save ples Eworkaw istat mo finis long hem. Family Kalmari isubmit se family Marik Kasu ino save pruvum kes blong hem therefore kot ishud rule se oli no kat raet long Teouma Rentapau land.

Long submission blong olgeta oli talem se kot imas luksave se CC9 isave confirmem bladlaen blong hem wetem Kalkau Koriman, mo tut confirem ol news we oli descendants oli tekem tudei ipruvem se Kalkau nao itru decendants blong hem. Oli submit se Jif Koriman Kalkau nao hemi bikfala Jif we igovernem baontri blong Teouma Rentapau land. Oli talem se Kalkau, nomata hemi Jif, raet blong hem hemi semak nomo olsem ol narafala man long land we oli inheritem olsem wan birthright. Oli submit se olgeta oli bin talem aot long kot nem blong nakamal; nasara mo tapu ples.

Oli submit se long Eworlep we hemi nakamal we Kalmari mo Lilgai ilukaotem papa blong Kalmet long hem.

Oli talem se long taem blong wokabaot oli bin shoem long kot nakamal, nasara mo tapu ples we oli bin mentionem long taem blong hearing. Oli submit se long wan map oli providem ikam wetem submission olsem annex CC 9/5 se baontri we OC iclaimem hemi no wan customary baontri folem kastom blong Efate. Oli submit se family Koriman istap long Erakor tudei imekem se ol man Eratap oli no kat wan tru kastom Jif, from rison ia nao oli mas electem Kalmet blong ikam Jif blong ol man Eratap. Oli submit se Kalpoilep hemi no adopem Lilgai. Oli submit se authority we family Kalmet oli stap exercisem tudei, wisdom ia ikam long nakamal blong Kalkau Koriman. Hem nao imekem se Jif Bakoa ibin kivim hed blong pig mo ol kaekae long Ati Motu, Family Kalmari italem se hemia hemi signifyem se authority ia we hemi stap performem iblong ol descendants blong Kalkau Koriman. Oli submit se Jif Maripou blong Emelpat iwan long ol smolsmol Jif we oli stap anda authority blong Jif Koriman.

Family Kalmari isubmit se kot ishud talemaot se Jif Koriman hemi bigfala Jif blong Teouma Rentapau Land, mo nakamal mo nasara blong Jif Koriman istap long Eworkao; se CC9 hemi tru bladlaen mo descendant blong Jif Kalkau Koriman; se Jif Kalpoilep emi elected Jif blong ol man Eratap nomo, mo hemi no wan paramount Jif blong kraon or Eworkaw; se folem kastom evidence we CC9 ikivim long taem blong hearing mo wokabaot ipruvum se Jif Koriman iparamount Jif blong Teouma Rentapau land; se family Kalmet oli stap anda CC9 long Teouma Rentapau land from se hemi stret blad blong bikfala Jif Kalkau.Koriman; se CC9 emi kastom. owna blong Eworkaw, Ntan Miel olsem we istap long map claim; se any further developments long future we bae ikam long Teouma Rentapau land, Kalkau Koriman nomo ikat raet blong negotiatem.

Long conclusion blong olgeta oli submit se ol nara paties we oli claim Teouma Rentapau land oli fail blong pruvum se oli ownem land ia, be CC9 nomo iprovidem ol evidence blong pruvum se Teouma Rentapau land especially Eworkao hemi heritage blong Kalkau Koriman we CC9 oli tru descendants blong hem.

VISIT LONG LAND

Wokabaot wetem family Kalmet

Kot wetem OC ivisitim land mo stat long Fatkot Liu, wan (male stone) we imakem baontri antap long Rentapau river. Long stone ia kot iharem se long northern saed blong hem hemi Erapo, Southern side emi Emasin, mo western side nao hemi area blong Eworkao.

Kot iko long Ewen-Notae area long mout blong Rentapau river, afta visitim olfala settlement long Eworkaw we igat Natapaoa tree, Nangaria tree mo ston wall we oli bin shown long page 6 long Kalmet History book. Kot ipass tru long Emle masei, Emeltengi, Epok river, Elak Ntan miel, mo lukim sam stone wall we istap long area blong Erkau. Kot iluk Emaw Tul, Maw-Fer, mo ko lukim wan stampa blong oak tree we ol olfala oli usum olsem baontri mak long bush towards Teouma river we hemi Erakot olsem end blong baontri antap. Kot iko long Eratap small mo luk ol remains blong ol settlement mo lukim grave blong Jif Kalmet, Silas, Sion, mo Kai. Kot ilu tu grave blong Jif Andrew mo go kasem Erfen blong luk grave blong Kalpoilep I. Kot ibin gat janis tu blong visitim Epeisef, long mouth blong Teouma river.

Wokabaot wetem family Kalpong, Counter Claimant No 1.

Long Counter claimant No, 1 kot ivisitim Efatrae we hemi makem end blong baontri blong olgeta. Olgeta ibin soem tu ples we ibin gat sam bamboo long hem be nao ia ol developers oli destroyem finis, mo kot iluk tu lake ia Emaw-tul. Inside long baontri, kot iluk Epok river, mo wan stone we oli kolem mimi-makoot we iminim wan side titi. Kot ipas long Emlemasei mo ko kasem Enarpo, ples we baontri blong olgeta istop long hem long solwota. Kot ibin ko long Emelpat mo visitim grave blong Maripou mo finem aot se custom stone blong hem ilus, mo kot ikarem information long ol settlers long wei se sam man oli kam rimuvum sam days ipas bifo kot ikam.

Wokabaot wetem family Koriman, Counter Claimant No 2.

Kot istatem workbaot klosap long Esale, stret long ples we rod iko antap long VLD mo oli se baontri ifolem hill iko antap straight north. Long Emetfat oli se hemia nao stret long ples we Dinh istap develpoem long solwota. Long sem ples yet olgeta imentionem two custom stones we oli claim se ol heavy machines blong mekem road oli digim aot mo oli no save se istap wea nao ia. Kot iluk tu wan ples long Naursa we oli se hemia nao hemi grave blong olfala Jif Koriman mo nao ia ikat wan stampa natapoa we ided finish ibin gru long hem. Kot iko antap long hill mo pass long Nawe or dancing ples blong Jif mo go kasem Emtang afta luk wan stone wall we oli se hemi blong pig mo bakaken kot ifolem hill ko kasem kolta long narasaet. Baontri iron iko staraight mo go krosem lake Emaw-Tul. Kot iko kasem long Emarof mo ko lukim wan small river we hemi makem end blong baontri. Long Emarfo, baontri iron parallel ikam daon long south mo kasem Trukonasum long solwota mo ron folem sea coast iko kasem Rentapau river mo folem river iko antap kasem ples we baontri blong original klaimant istap long hem mo folem iko bak long west mo kasem Emarof bakaken.

Wokabaot wetem family Kalmermer, Counter Claimant No 4.

Long side blong CC No 4 kot istat long Efatrae olsem beginning blong baontri blong olgeta long western side long Teouma river mo ron iko pass long wan nambaga long road. Kot iko pass long Epok river mo ko lukim wan stone we oli talem se hemi wan saet titi we CC No 1 ibin soem long Emelmasei. Kot ipas long coastal area, pasem Enarpou, Emeltengi, Esale mo round go kasem Rentapau bridge, ples we wan ceremony ibin tek ples long hem long blong makem baontri bitwin Eratap mo Eton long 1979. Oli se baontri igo stret folem river kasem Urmos long Rentapau river mo ron parallel folem mak blong OC iko long western side kasem Teouma river long ples oli kolem Emal. Kot ibin ko long Erfen mo lukim stone wall we oli klaim se grave blong Kaimermer istap insaet long hem, mo ples we stone blong hem istap long hem. Kot iluk tu wan stone long Etom, mo oli claim se hemi kasto stone blong Kalmermer we hemi save usum blong wish from samting.

Workbaot wetem Family Kalwatong, Counter Claimant No 5.

Long side blong CC No 5 kot istat long Eumrik we hemi fes nakamal mo later kot ivisitim Ntulep Tikor mo ko kasem Eprisef. Kot ibin luk tu Emet naetin or hot wota mo later ko long Tutufut. Kot iko long Emlasor, Etom, mo ko kasem Emal small island we oli berem Kalwatong long hem mo Kot ilukim grave blong Kalwatong tu. Kot ikasem Emelpat, ples we baontri blong olgeta istop long hem mo baontri iron straight iko long direction blong North kasem mak blong OC.

Workabaot wetem Jif Kaltapau and Decendants, Counter Claimant No 6.

Kot iluk Polown, wan lake we idrae finish mo later iko long Naigot, mo folem ko kasem Naursa mo ko kasem Emetfat. Kot hemi bin go visitim Eruedi Island we grave blong olfala Kaltapau istap long hem mo lukim grave ia. Kot ibin luk sam ples we SFNH or NTUAM SOOK ibin stap developem we istap narasaet Rentapau river.

Workabaot wetem Family Kalonokara, Counter Claimant No 7.

Kot iko kasem wan stampa blong Nambang we igat sam temporary settlement blong ol man istap long hem mo kam bak. Antap olgeta isoem kot long ples we baontri iko kasem antap long hill mo ron ko daon ko kasem Ementfat long solwora we kot ibin pas long hem festaem.

Workabaot wetem-Nase Kalmet Taleo, Counter Claimant No 8.

Kot ibin, luk Elaknaniumal, ples we baontri blong olgeta ipas long hem mo kam kasem solwora mo go kasem haos blong Moana Carcases long Rentapau river mo folem river ikam daon long solwora.

Workabaot wetem Fatan Kalmari, Counter Claimant No 9.

Kot ibin luk Poloun lake, after continue blong visitim olgeta pleses olsem Fatkot, Tukot, Ntanmiel, Elaknanimal, Epok river, mo kot ibin ko long area blong Etas mo lukluk baontri mak blong olgeta. Kot ikat Janis blong lukim wan natral hole we river imekem mo oli kolem se hemi kastom pot we ol ancestors blong olgeta oli usum blong kukum man long hem, mo hemia istap antap long bush bitim duck lake Maw - Tul.

OBSERVATIONS MO FINDINGS BLONG KOT

After kot ibin wokabaot long land wetem each parties kot iwantem mekem some observation then of findings blong hem.

Long taem blong hearing blong kes insaed long kot, wokabaot long land, mo ridim of submissions blong each parti observation blong kot iolsem:

Se Original Claimen hemi bin prepare gud long kes blong hem. Ol documents blong hem especially Family History Book hemi easy blong folem. Hemi also filem olgeta documentary documents blong hem together long wan book, mekem se hemi isi blong kot ifolem hem.

Long family tree blong hem ishoem klear long sam nara pati se oli family mo hang long hem.

Counter Claimant No. 1, history blong hem hemi sot nomo. Documents blong olgeta oli no naf blong kot ibes long olgeta blong grantem ownaship long land long olgeta. Oli stap strong long deed of Sale mo oli base long land title 170. Oli shoem long kot se oli base long wan man we hemi assistant Jif blong Jif Silas Kalpoilep III.

Taem long hearing blong kes ol nara patis, oli question tumas or long sam parties oli tokabaot sem mak se bikfala Jif ilukaotem or administrem graon long behalf blong head of tribes mo ol individual family. Long most long long patis, ol spokes person blong olgeta oli mekem gudfala wok long saed blong presentation blong olgeta be taem ol witnesses blong olgeta oli go long witnes box oli just destroem own keses blong olgeta. Hemia either oli no ansa, oli ansa se oli no save or oli talem ol samting we oli contadictim wanem we ol spokes man blong olgeta oli presentem long kot. Olgeta witness statements oli no helpful from se oli raetem sem samting nomo long paper, mekem se ino bin isi long ol nara pati blong oli crass-examaenem ol witneses.

Ikat fulap long olgeta exhibits we Original Claimant mo sam nara patis oli providem long kot be ol counter claimant oli no questenem olgeta long olgeta long kot. Be oli bin raisem olgeta long submission blong olgeta. Hemia kot imas talem aot se hemi no fea tuma from se OC ino save kat janis blong ansa long olgeta.

Long wokabaot long land mak sam pleses we oli sem mak nomo be ikat diferent story long hem, even ikat difereses long olgeta nems long map mo actual wokabaot. Sam patis oli shoem grave blong same man long difdifren ples. Ikat sam we oli talem sem story be oli shoem ol evidence ia long two difren ples. Ibin kat fulap storian long ol plesis long taem blong wokabaot be kot imas talem aot se hemia bae mifala no tekem into consideration from ol storian oli shud kam finis long kot. Wanem blong happen long wokabaot hemi blong shoem ol pleses nomo blong confirmem storian we ikam aot long kot. Long taem blong wokabaot ibin kat sam samting ihapen, olsem sam ston oli bin mising. Long saed ia kot iwantem talem se hemi wan nogud fasin long saed blong kastom. Sipos wan pati iting se hemi kat kastom stori long ol evidens ia oli shud livim long original ples blong olgeta mo tok abaot long taem blong visit blong land. Mekem se olgeta evidens we iblong wan ples be wan pati remuvum iko long nara ples bae kot ino save consider long hem.

Kot iwantem talem se hemi bin wan very difficult task blong mekem decision long kes olsem mekem se hemi bin kam long wan conclusion se bae hemi lukluk long three main areas blong kam ap long talem se who nao hemi kastom owna blong ples ia.

a. weta oli folem stret kastom we oli agree long commencement blong kes blong folem we hemia se yu claimem land folem man we hemi bladlaen,

b. weta oli establishim Jifly inheritance blong olgeta mo mekem iklea se oli paramount Jif mo oli showem se ikat sam heds of tribes under long olgeta mo tu ikat individual famili oli stap anda long olgeta. Blong shoem tu jifly line blong olgeta iexist istap;

c. weta oli save mak blong bauntri oli claim mo oli save shoem ol evidence we oli bin stap tokabaot long kot.

2. Kot ifanem se Original Claiman hemi claim folem bladlaen. Hemi clear long Kot se Jifly laen blong hem iexist stat long Kalpoilep I kasem Kalpoilep 5. Mo hemi shoem every evidence blong hem we ibin tokabaot long kot mo hemi shoem wan clear boundry blong hem long taem blong wokabaot.

3. Kot ifaenem se Counter Claiman No. 1 claim folem Bladlaen mo naflak; bladlaen oli folem Jif Maripou we hemi wan head of tribe. Naflak hemia kot ifaenem se hemi kamaot long famili tri blong Jif Kalpoilep we hemi Meriam gel blong Jif Kalmet Kalpoilep. Kot ifaenem se generation blong hem istat long Jif Maripou be hemi claim stat long Kalpong, we hemi asisten blong Jif Silas mo long Deed of Sale we oli tok abaot italem se hemi Kalpong jif of tribes. Existence blong jifly laen blong hem hemi no exist. Kot ifaem se hemi no save stret boundry blong hem. Hemi shoem ol evidence blong hem long taem blong wokabaot we iconfirmem olgota storian blong hem long kot.

4. Kot ifaenem se Counter Claimant No.2 iclam long bladlaen. Bladlaen ia istat long wan man we oli kolem Topauliu Koriman. Long famili tri blong olgeta isoem se oli jas Jif nomo long generation namba 5 we hemi Jif Kalkau Koriman, pikinini blong Topau Mansil Koriman we hemi claim. Although hemi claim se oli paramount jif kot ifaenem se jifly laen blong hem ino exist today. Hemi bin shoem olgeta evidence blong hem blong confirmem storian blong hem long kot be hemi bin shoem sam evidence we hemi no bin tokabaot long kot. Long taem blong wokabaot ibin ren mekem se mifala ino bin kasem mak blong olgeta antap be hemi bin explain gud ol pleses insaed long area. Long saed long boundry hemi bin pointem nomo long sam plea we mifala ino save go kasem be hemi nemem gud boundry blong hem.

5. Kot ifaenem se Counter Claiman No.04 iclaim folem bladlaen mo naflak. Bladlaen oli claim folem Etom mo Namkon se tufala iJif blong olgeta. Naflak olgeta oli kam aot long Lilop we hemi gel blong Meriam we hemi sista blong Jif Silas Kalpoilep. Kot ifaenem se CC4 oli bin traem witaot success blong pruvum Jifly heritage blong olgeta. Ibin kat wan big kap afta long Jif Etom mo Namison blong kasem nara Jif oli claimem we hemi Jif Kalmermer. Kot ino acceptem evidence blong olgeta we oli soem long wokabaot. Ibin kat 3 stone we oli stap long Etom kot ifaenem se oli jes putum olgeta nomo. Sipos oli stap since 1994 imin olsem we oli talem, ol grass oli shud gro long olgeta be hemia wan iklea nomo se isitaon long wan hand blong popo we igreen yet. Kot ifaenem se ston ia oli mas jas removum long original ples blong hem nomo. Kot ifaenem se family ia iklem long two plesis insaed long area claim. Kot ifaenem se evidence blong olgeta ishoem se oli stap claim two histories, wan hemi folem Jif Kalmermer mo nara wan hemi Jif Kaltapau Koriman. Hemi no bin shoem gud long kot ol plesis we itokabaot long kot blong makem boundry blong hem.

6. Kot ifaenem se CC5 hemi kam aot long bladlaen we istat long Kalwatong we oli claim se hemi Nmao blong wan Jif, Kot ifaenem se CC5 long evidence blong hem hemi interesting be hemi no rily establishim family history blong hem mo family tree blong hem mo although hemi agri tu se big Jif hemi ownem land long behalf blong ol trbes mo individual family hemi fail blong establishem hemia. Kot ifaenem se hemi wan Nmao nomo mekem se hemi no blad blong jif. Hemi shoem ol evidence we hemi tokabaot long kot, be hemi no save shoem gud boundry blong hem long kot.

7. Kot ifaenem se Counter Claimant No.6 iclaim folem bladlaen mo naflak. Bladlaen istat long Jif Faleapong we papa blong Jif Kaltapau Koriman we oli klem anda long hem. Naflak we kamaot long Lilgai we hemi adopted daughter blong Kalpoilep I we hemi mama blong Kalosin. Jifly title blong Kaltapau Koriman ino mo exist tedei.

Kot ifaenem se cc6 hemi base nomo long Deed of Sale mo development we oli kolem Ntuam Sok we ishot nem blong NSK. Bat ol development ia kot ifaemem se istap outside long area claimed. CC6 ino providem long histry blong hem blong shoem how ol pupu blong olgeta oli ownem ples ia before oli salem. Kot ifaenem se big fala part blong boundri we oli klemem hemi stap nara saed long Rentapau river. Oli shoem smol ples we istat long Emetfat ko kasem pat Polown. Kot ifaenem se sam members blong famil itru oli bin stap long Rentapau city (Elak Atamiel) be oli mekem ol development long nara saed river.

8. Kot ifaenem se Counter Claimant No.7 hemi claim long bladlaen. Bladlaen istat long Jif Kaltapau Kara, we hemi hed of tribe nomo. Oli kat 3 generation we istat long Jif Kaltapau Kara mo kasem tedei oli no establishim se Jif title ipas iko long nara generation blong olgeta mo hemi nomo exist tedei. Hemi shoem ol pleses nomo long taem blong wokabaot be inokat ol nara evidence. Kaltapau Kara kot ifaenem se hemi brata blong Mansil mo Kai. Kot ifaenem se CC7 ikleim under long deed of sale we itek ples long 29/10/1882 we hemi sem deed of sale we cc6 iclaimem. Long wok abaot oli no bin shoem gud boundry blong olgeta long kot, oli no bin shoem any evidence blong olgeta long visit long land.

9. Long saed blong Counter Claimant No.8 iclaim long bladlaen mo naflak be long storian blong olgeta oli tok mainly long naflak. Family tri istat long Marik Kazu Nauper Kalmer we oli claim se hemi Jif. Thru long ol generations be blong olgeta oli identifym nomo wan Jif we hemi Marik Kazu Nauper Kalmer. Kot ifaenem se jifly laen blong olgeta ino exist tedei.Kot ifaenem se cc8 ino kat any conection long any nara patis long kes ia. Kot ifaenem se olnems we oli givim long olgeta pleses long area claim oli different long ol nems we ol nara patis oli givim, we iminim se oli no sua long ol pleses ia. Long taem blong wokabaot oli no shoem any evidence blong confirmem storian blong olgeta long kot. Oli no given gud nem blong makem boundry blong olgeta.

10. Kot ifaenem se Counter Claiman No.9 iclam long saed long bladlaen mo naflak togeta. Hemi stat wetem Jif Koriman be oli kleim stat long Kalkau. Long saed blong naflak family ia ikam aot long Lilgai, adopted daughter blong Kalpoilep I we hemi mama blong Kalosin mo Kalkot. Family ia ikam aot long Kalkot. Hemi kat 5 generation be oli identifym wan Jif nomo we hemi Jif Koriman. Jifly laen blong olgeta ino gat existence tedei. Kot ifaenem se Koriman we oli claimem hemi sem Koriman we cc2 iclaim long hem. Long taem blong wokabaot long boundry kot ifaenem se family ia idividem land long two we oli claim wan anda long Jif Kalkau Koriman mo wan oli claim anda Kalkau olsem wan native long Eworkaw we kot ifaenem se tufala nem ia iwan person nomo. Kot ifaenem se ol evidence we oli shoem oli confirmem storian. blong olgeta we oli talem long kot. Oli no talem gud mak blong baondri blong olgeta.

11. Kot ifaenem se relationship blong most long ol counter claimens long kes ia oli link wetem original klaimen. Cc1 ilink through long Meriam, sister blong Jif Silas Kalpoilep III, we hemi wife blong Kalpong, Cc4 ilink thru long Lilo, daughter blong Meriam we hemi mama blong Manfei Kalorib. Cc6 wetem cc9 tufala ilink thru long woman ia Lilgai, we mama blong Kalkot mo Kalosin. Kalosin imekem generation blong cc9 mo Kalkot imekem generation blong cc6.

12. Finally blong putum togeta olgeta findings ia kot ifaenem se Counter Claimant No. 1, Counter Claimant No. 2, Counter Claimant No.4, Counter Claimant No. 5, Counter Claimant No.6, Counter Claimant No. 7, Counter Claimant No.8 mo Counter Claimant No. 9 oli no bin mitim fully 3 fala kraterias we kot ibes long hem.

13. Kot ifaenen se Paramount Jif Kalpoilep I kasem V we irepresentem family Kalmet blong Eratap togeta wetem olgeta tribes or ol Nametrau blong generation blong Jif Kalpoilep oli bin pruvum kes blong olgeta, oli mitim trifala criterias ia fully, therefore kot ifaenem se olgeta nao oli tru kastom owna blong Teouma Rentapau Land.

Bae kot ideclaraem nomo kastom owna. Bae hemi duty blong land owna blong sharem long ol tribe mo individual family. Landowner ishud save who ia olgeta heds of tribe we oli anda long hem. Kot ifaenem se olgeta parties long kes ia oli save kat right long land ia be iklea long kot se from nomo ol rao rao blong olgeta family bakeken. Mo tu kot ifaenem se ikat kastom blong stretem rao rao ia we olgeta wan wan patis ia oli save gud istap. Kot iwantem talem se olgeta paties mo olgeta family members we yu save se yu stap kat raorao wetem Kalpoilep mo yu save se yu kat raet long land nao hemi duty blong yufala wan wan mo Jif Kalpoilep blong stretem raorao ia long fasin we istret long kastom blong ples ia Teouma Rentapau.

Kot iluk se ibin gat at wan taem system blong governem land long Teouma Rentapau hemi bin wan gudfala sytem we bikfala jif ilukaotem land blong hem wetem tribe or nametrau blong hem mo tu ol individual familis. Mo Nametrau mo olgeta individual family oli bin respectem taem oli stap mekm wan nara kastom we oli kolem Nasautonga or gift. Kot iluk se hemia hemi wan gud custom system we olman plea ia oli shud revivem bakeken.

Declaration

Afta mifala iconsiderem olgeta everi samting we ikam aot long kot thru long presentesen blong each pati, olgeta documents we each pati iprovidem long kot mo olgeta relevant samting we ol paties oli providem through long ol final submissions blong olgeta and after mifala italem aot findings blong kot, kot iwantem declare olsem: -

Kot ideclare se Paramount Jif Bakoa Andrew Kalpoilep V mo pipol blong hem oli tru kastom owna blong Teouma Rentapau land we istat long Erakot ifolem riva blong Teouma ikam daon long area blong Fatukot, kam long Efat-Rae ikam down long Eprisef we hemi mout blong Teouma riva, ifolem costal area ikam long Emle-Masei ikam long Emeltengi round long point blong Enarpou kam long Esale, kam long Emetnaniu, ikam long area blong Emetfat kam kasem long Rentapau Island iko long Ewen Notae area finis ifolem riva iko long Naikot mo iko antap kasem long Elak Fat Kot Liu, mo icrosem iko bak long Erakot.

Order

After long declaration ia kot imekem olgeta orders olsem:

1. Ol narafala patis mo olgeta we oli no patis long land ia Teouma Retapau be oli stap kat access or stap mekem ol development long land ia bae oli mas kat permssion long Family Kalmet together wetem ol tribes or Nametrau we Jif Kalpoilep V irecognisem olgeta blong oli continue wok long ples ia.

2. Ol narafala patis mo olgeta we oli no patis long land ia Teouma Rentapau be oli wantem go insaed mo mekem wok long land ia oli mas kat permission long family Kalmet together wetem ol tribes or Nametrau we Jif Kalpoilep irecognisem olgeta blong oli continue wok long ples ia.

3. Any man we iwantem leasem any graon long Land ia Teouma Rentapau oli mas negotiate wetem Family Kalmet together wetem ol tribes or Nametrau we Jif Kalpoilep irecognisem olgeta.

4. Cost blong ol patis istap long wan wan long olgeta.

5. Folem sekson 22 long Island Kot Act Cap 167 olgeta paties oli gat 30 deis blong appeal sapos oli no hapi long decision ia.

Detem long Port Vila long 24 dei blong March 2006.

Nesbeth Wilson
Magistrate

Lucy Sandy
Aelan Kot Jastis

Jimmy Memeadola
Alean Kot Jastis

Raymond Marongoe
Aeland Kot Jastis