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Kosrae State Court |
KOSRAE STATE COURT TRIAL DIVISION
CIVIL ACTION NO. 38-06
WEBSTER GEORGE,
Plaintiff,
V
JOHNSTON S. ALBERT,
Defendant.
MEMORANDUM OF DECISION: JUDGMENT
Aliksa B. Aliksa
Chief Justice
Trial: May 24, 2007
Decided: October 2, 2007
APPEARANCES:
For the Plaintiff: Snyder H. Simon, Esq.
P.O. Box 1017
Tofol, Kosrae FM
96944
For the Defendant: Canney L. Palsis, Esq.
Micronesian Legal Services
Corporation
P.O. Box 38
Tofol, Kosrae FM 96944
* * * *
HEADNOTES
Civil Procedure Default and Default Judgments
A motion
for entry of default will be denied when there is insufficient proof of service
of notice of the complaint. George v. Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323, 325
(Kos. S. Ct. Tr. 2007).
Contracts Formation
When the plaintiff exchanged goods
with the defendant in exchange for the defendant agreeing to make payments on
the account and
the defendant indicated her acceptance of this exchange by
making payments, their actions created an enforceable contract. George v.
Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323, 326 (Kos. S. Ct. Tr. 2007).
Contracts; Remedies Restitution
When the court
concludes that there was a contract between the plaintiff and the defendant, it
will do not address the plaintiff's
alternative claims under unjust enrichment
and promissory estoppel. George v. Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323, 326 (Kos.
S. Ct. Tr. 2007).
Civil Procedure Default and Default Judgments
Kosrae
Civil Rule 55(b)(2) provides that a party is entitled to at least three days
written notice before a hearing on a motion for
default. An entry of default
will be denied when the plaintiff had six months in which to make the motion but
waited until discovery
had been completed and it was the day before trial; when
both parties had already participated in discovery and were prepared to
proceed
with trial and had submitted pre-trial briefs and subpoenaed witnesses; and
since, if, in order to enable the court to enter
judgment or to carry it into
effect, it is necessary to take an account or to determine the amount of damages
or to establish the
truth of any averment by evidence, the court may conduct
such hearings as it deems necessary even if a default judgment had been
granted,
a hearing would have been necessary to determine the amount of damages and that
hearing would have produced the same evidence
and the same outcome as the trial.
George v. Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323, 327 (Kos. S. Ct. Tr. 2007).
Evidence Burden of Proof
In a civil case, a plaintiff
must prove the allegations by a preponderance of evidence in order to prevail.
Preponderance of the
evidence is not evidence to a moral certainty or clear and
convincing evidence. As a standard of proof, preponderance of the evidence
means
that the facts asserted by the plaintiff are more probably true than false. But,
if the plaintiff's evidence is less convincing
than that offered in opposition,
then the defendant's version of events is the more likely, and the plaintiff
fails to meet its burden
of proof. George v. Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323,
327 (Kos. S. Ct. Tr. 2007).
Evidence Burden of Proof
When the receipts did not
support the amount stated in the ledger and claimed by the plaintiff even though
the plaintiff's witness
testified that the receipts would support the full
amount; when the plaintiff was specifically ordered to produce at trial the
original
of all receipts, ledgers, and any other documents pertaining to the
defendant's account but failed to submit receipts supporting
the amount in the
ledger produced and failed to submit the full ledger for the defendant's
account; and when the defendant acknowledged
owing some amount and did not
dispute the receipts signed by him, the court will award the plaintiff the
amounts shown in the receipts
and ledger with credit for the defendant's
payments. George v. Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323, 327 (Kos. S. Ct. Tr.
2007).
Interest and Usury; Judgments
A court has the discretion to
award pre-judgment interest, but it is not a matter of right unless the debtor
knows precisely what
he is to pay and when payment is due. The purpose of
awarding interest is to compensate the complaining party for losing use of the
funds. George v. Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323, 328 (Kos. S. Ct. Tr.
2007).
Contracts Damages; Interest and Usury
When the
parties have a written agreement stating that interest would be added to the
unpaid balance, an award of pre-judgment interest
will be upheld. George v.
Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323, 328 (Kos. S. Ct. Tr. 2007).
Contracts Damages; Interest and Usury
When the
defendant agreed to make regular payments but there was no written agreement to
pay interest on the defendant's open account;
when the ledger page showing
payments contains a 25-cent charge at the time of each payment but this does not
correspond to an interest
calculation; and when there is no evidence to show
interest was discussed or agreed to by the defendant, the plaintiff is not
entitled
to pre-judgment interest. George v. Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323,
328 (Kos. S. Ct. Tr. 2007).
Attorney's Fees
When an attorney's fee award is sought, the
retainer agreement is not relevant; it is not even discoverable because there is
generally
no relationship between the attorney's fees and the subject matter of
a pending action. The retainer agreement will therefore not
be considered in
deciding an attorney fee request. George v. Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323,
328 (Kos. S. Ct. Tr. 2007).
Attorney's Fees
Attorneys fees are allowable against the opposing
party if a party acts vexatiously, in bad faith, presses frivolous claims, or
employs
oppressive litigation practices, or when a party's successful efforts
have generated a common fund or extended substantial benefits
to a class.
George v. Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323, 328 (Kos. S. Ct. Tr. 2007).
Attorney's Fees
Normally, in the absence of a statute to the
contrary, a court will proceed on the assumption that the parties will bear
their own
attorney's fees because the usual rule is that each party pays its own
attorney's fees. George v. Albert, 15 FSM Intrm. 323, 328 (Kos. S. Ct.
Tr. 2007).
* * * *
COURT'S OPINION
ALIKSA B. ALIKSA, Chief Justice:
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