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High Court of Fiji |
IN THE HIGH COURT OF FIJI
AT SUVA
CIVIL JURISDICTION
CIVIL ACTION NO.: HBC 76 of 2017
BETWEEN
AHMED HUSSEIN
PLAINTIFF
AND
HERRY’S CONSTRUCTION LIMITED
DEFENDANT
APPEARANCES/REPRESENTATION
PLAINTIFF : Ms J Lal [Neel Shivam Lawyers]
DEFENDANT : Mr R Dayal [Nawaikula Esquires]
RULING OF : Acting Master Ms Vandhana Lal
DELIVERED ON : 11 October 2018
INTERLOCUTORY RULING
[Setting Aside Interlocutory Judgment]
The claim was for damages - special and general with post and future economic loss for injuries sustained whilst in employment with the Defendant.
He effected service by leaving a copy of the writ of summons at the Defendant’s registered office at Khalsa Road, Newton.
Mr Tikoisuva further goes on to depose that he had also on 3 May 2017 at 10:51am personally serve one Hari Deo the Director of Defendant company. This service was also effected at Khalsa Road, Newton.
Accordingly on 20 July 2017, an Interlocutory Judgment was entered as follows:
“No acknowledgement of Service having being filed by the above-named Defendant. It is this adjudged that Judgment is entered against the Defendant to pay the above named Plaintiff Special Damages in the sum of $978.00 (Nine Hundred Seventy Eight Dollars) with further damages, interest and costs which is made up as follows:
Filing of Writ of Summons - $109.00
Filing Praecipe and Judgment - $59.95
Bailiff Fee - $30.00
Solicitor Fee - $43.60
$242.55
Said notice was served on the Defendant on 9 January 2018.
Thereafter he instructed his solicitors to attend to the mater and defend for the company.
He did not have any documents in relation to this matter hence his solicitors conducted a search of the file with the High Court Civil Registry. Accordingly, they were able to obtain copies of the documents.
He informs that the search showed that a writ of summons and statement of claim was filed against the company; an Interlocutory Judgment was entered and that there was no acknowledgment of service filed by the company.
Accordingly to Mr Narayan, the Plaintiff was obliged to serve the writ of summons and statement of claim on one of the Directors at the registered office of the company at Khalsa Road, Suva.
He believes the company has a good and meritorious defence.
He will be prejudiced if the interlocutory judgment and notice of assessment is not set aside.
Accordingly, Mr Narayan was aware of the writ of summons.
He further states that the Defendant company had a valid Workers Compensation Policy with Dominion Insurance covering the Defendant’s liability regarding accidents at workplace.
Upon enquiring with the Insurer his solicitors were advised that the Defendant had claimed from it a sum of $5,490.40 being claim for workmen’s compensation payable to the Plaintiff. He has annexed a Memorandum of Agreement dated 24 March 2017. This sum has not been paid to the Plaintiff.
What the Defendants would have meant was Order 19 rule 9.
However Order 19 deals with default of pleadings by a party.
“Where a writ is indorsed with a claim against a defendant for unliquidated damages only, then, if that defendant fails to give notice of intention to defend, the plaintiff may, after the prescribed time, enter interlocutory judgment against that defendant for damages to be assessed and costs, and proceed with the action against the other defendants, if any.”
Sub rule (1)(3) clearly asks for the Defendant to acknowledge service of a writ by “properly completing an acknowledgement of service defined by rule 2 by making a copy of it and handing in at the Registry out of which the Writ was issued. The acknowledgement of service together with the copy made thereof”.
In particular Order 65 rule 3 deals with requirement of service of document on a body corporate and it reads:
(1) Personal service of a document on a body corporate may, in cases for which provision is not otherwise made by any enactment, be effected by serving it in accordance with rule 2 on the mayor, chairman or president of the body, or the town clerk, secretary, treasurer of other similar officer
thereof.
(2) Where a writ is served on a body corporate in accordance with Order 10, rule 1(2), that rule shall have effect as if for the reference to the usual or last known address of the defendant there were substituted a reference to the registered or principal office of the body corporate and as if for the reference to the knowledge of the defendant there were substituted a reference to the knowledge of a person mentioned in paragraph (1)
On an application to set aside a regular default judgment, the major consideration is whether the defendant has shown a defence on the merits to which the court should pay heed, not as a rule of law, but as a matter of common sense, since there is no point in setting aside a judgment if the defendant has no defence, and because, if the defendant can show merits, the court will not prima facie desire to let a judgment pass on which there has been no proper adjudication, Hong Civil Procedure, 2016,2016, pa/9/13. It is not sufficieficient to show a merely “arguable” defence that would justify leave to defend under o14. Tfendant must show that he has “a real prospprospect of success”. To do so, he m he must satisfy the court that his case and the evidence that he adduces in support of it is potentially credible and carries some degree of conviction, Hong Kong CProcedure, 2016,2016, para 13/9/>.
“Lord Atkin in the House of Lords case Ev. Bartlam (1937) 2 A) 2 All ER 6 at p at p.650 said:-
"I agree that both R.S.C. Ord. 13, r.10, and R.S.C., Ord. 27, r. 15; gives a discrary pto the judge in chambers to set aside a default
jult judgment. The discretion is in terms urms unconditional. The courts, however, have laid down for themselves rules to guide them
in the normal exercise of their discretion. One is that, where the judgment was obtained regularly, there must be an affidavit of
merits, meaning that the application must produce to the court evidence that he has a prima facie defence. It was suggested in argument
that there is another rule that the applicant must satisfy the court that there is a reasonable explanation why judgment was allowed
to go by default, such as mistake, accident, fraud or the like. I do not think that any such rule exists, though obviously the reason,
if any, to set it aside is one of the matters to which the court will have regard in excising its discretion. If there were a rigid
rule that no one could have a default judgment set aside who knew at the time and intended that there should be a judgment signed,
the two rules would be deprived of most of their efficacy. The principle obviously is that, unless and until the court has pronounced
a judgment upon the merits or by consent, it is to have the power to revoke the expression of its coercive power where that has been
obtained only by a failure to follow any of the rules of procedure."
................................
Vandhana Lal [Ms]
Acting Master
At Suva.
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URL: http://www.paclii.org/fj/cases/FJHC/2018/985.html